大学英语阅读进阶答案(全)第四版
2. Main Idea: Colleges of the early nineteenth century were distinctly different
from today’s schools.
1. students were mostly white males.
Minor details: College was considered a final polishing for upper-class gentlemen.
2. All students had to take the same courses.
Minor details: They studied ancient languages, literature, natural science, mathematics, and political and moral philosophy.
3. Colleges were small.
Minor details: Most had only a few dozen students, three or four professors, and three or four tutors.
4. Student life was more regulated.
Minor details: Strict curfews determined when students had to turn off lights, and attendance at religious services was required.
Practice 2 ( Wording of answers may vary ) 1. Introduce yourself
Refer to physical setting Ask a complimentary question Seek direct information
2. Major detail: Smaller labor force
Minor detail: Milking machines use only one operator. Major detail; Higher milk output
Minor detail: American cows give 7.5 times more milk than Brazilian cows.
Practice 3 1. C 2. B
Practice 4 ( Examples may vary ) 1. Passive listening—trying to make sense out of a speaker’s remarks without being
able to interact with the speaker.
Ex—Students listen to an instructor’s lecture without having the chance to ask questions.
2. Self-serving bias—the practice of judging ourselves leniently.
Ex—When he lashes out angrily, we say he’s moody. When we lash out angrily, we say we’re under pressure.
Review Test 1
1. specific…specific 2. T 3. supporting details 4. mapping 5. condense
Review Test 2
A. Main idea: Several factors influence the justice system’s treatment of
criminals.
1. Sex of offender affects severity of sentence.
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大学英语阅读进阶答案(全)第四版
b. Court more reluctant to send mother to prison than father 2. Race is another factor
a. Nonwhites awarded parole and probation less often . b. Blacks executed more often for capital crimes. 3. a. Young offenders given special treatment. B. 8. C 9. C 10. B
Review Test 3
A. Main idea: Serious depression has definite warning signs. 1. Change in sleep patterns 2. Abnormal eating patterns
3. Trouble in thinking or concentrating 4. General feeling of hopelessness
B. Main idea: There are three common ways that people deal with their feelings.
1) withhold them 2) Display them 3) Describe them C. 10. C
Review Test 4
1-5 : B; A; D; A; long interviews 6-10
A. 1. Basic temperament the child is born with. 2. Early emotional environment
B. 1. Authoritative 2. Authoritarian 3. Permissive
Mastery Test 1
A. Main idea: Divorce has serous negative consequences. 1. a. Starting to date again can be nerve-racking.
2. Emotional difficulties among original family members are common.
a. Husband and wife feel guilt and resentment. 3. Financial adjustments are necessary.
a. Alimony, child support, and property disposal must be dealt with. B. 7. B 8. A 9. C
10. They can undo complicated bolts on gates.
Mastery Test 2
A. 1.B; 2. D; 3. C; 4. D; 5. C; 6.B;
B. Main idea: Chimpanzees use objects in their environment as tools. 1. Sticks to catch termites and steal honey.
2. Leaves as drinking cups, for cleaning, and as spongers 3. Stones to crack open nuts.
Mastery Test 3.
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大学英语阅读进阶答案(全)第四版
A. 1-6 A; B; A; D; B; A
B. Main idea: Three types of human memory allow us to remove or keep information
as needed. 1. Sensory memory
2. short-term memory—stores about 7 items for about 30 seconds.
3. Long-term memory—stores enormous numbers of items for a long period.
Mastery Test 4 A . Main idea: Researchers have created a number of theories to explain the functions of sleep.
1. Gives body time to repair brain cells and create chemical that makes brain think.
2. Enables body to save energy 3. Keeps people out of trouble. 4. Reduces memory B. 6. C
C. 7-10 A; B; B; D;
Mastery Test 5
A. 1-5 B; D; A; B; C;
B. Main idea: Experts in our country have suggested various purposes of
imprisonment. 1) Punishnent 2) Rehabilitation 3) Deter crime
4) Keep criminals off streets
Mastery Test 6
A. 1. a. 2) Informal and friendly atmosphere in the Senate
b. Procedural differences
1)House rules—many and complex 2)Senate rules—short and simple 2. Political outlook of members
a. Representatives concerned with local issues
B. Main idea: A number of conditions stimulate aggression.
1) Pain 2) Attacks 3) Crowding
4. Implied Main idea/Central Point
Practice 1
Paragraph 1: 1 D 2A Paragraph 2: 3C 4B Paragraph 3: 5C 6B Paragraph 4: 7D 8B
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大学英语阅读进阶答案(全)第四版
Practice 2 1D 2B 3C 4C
Practice 3 (Wording of answers may vary.) 1. Topic: Reasons for lying
Implied main idea: People tell lies for several reasons. 2. Topic: Being an only child
Implied main idea: Being an only child has its drawbacks. 3. Topic: Opposition to capital punishment
Implied main idea: People have opposed the death penalty for different reasons. 4. Topic: Growing older
Implied main idea: Growing older can make us better in many ways.
Practice 4
Central point: In fact, the days of a housewife in nineteenth-century America were spent in harsh physical labor. (Sentence 2)
Practice 5 Central point: However, excessive use of alcohol contributes to a number of negative social consequences. (Sentence 2)
Review Test 1
1. implied 2. topic 3. support 4. central point 5. sometimes
Review Test 2 A. 1B 2A
B. 3. Watching TV has several benefits.
4. Lower-class criminals tend to be treated more harshly by the justice system than higher-class criminals. (In all these tests, wording of implied main ideas may vary.)
Review Test 3 A. 1B 2D
B. 3. Several techniques can help you get a good night’s sleep. C. 4. Sentence 6
Review Test 4
1B 2C 3A 4A 5D 6A 7C 8A 9D 10B
Mastery Test 1 A. 1C 2A 3D B. 4. Sentence 1
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大学英语阅读进阶答案(全)第四版
Mastery Test 2 A. 1C 2B 3D B. 4. Sentence 20
Mastery Test 3 A. 1A 2A 3D B. 4. Sentence 19
Mastery Test 4 A. 1D 2B B. 3. There are several positive ways to encourage your family to exercise more often. C. 4. Sentence 16
Mastery Test 5 A. 1D 2D
B. 3. Experts have suggested several techniques for doing well on exams. C. 4. Sentence 3
Mastery Test 6 A. 1D 2B
B. 3. Marriage is good for people’s physical and mental health. C. 4. Sentence 10
Unit 5 relationships I
Practice 1 （Answers may vary）
1．also 2. For one thing 3. In addition 4. First 5 .Finally Practice 2 (Answers may vary)
1 After 2 Then 3 during 4 before 5 while Practice 3 (Wording of answers may vary)
A Main idea: For several reasons, pork was America’s popular meat a hundred year ago.
1 Pigs grew quickly
2 Pigs required little attention 3 Pigs could be preserved cheaply B Main idea: …aging process 1 Our bodies simply wear out.
2 Our body chemistry loses its delicate balance
4 Our bodies, with age, reject some of their own tissues. Practice 4 (Wording of answers may vary)
Main idea: The 1960s were a time of profound events in America. 1. 1963 – the assassination of President Kennedy 2 1965 – urban riots in black ghettos
3 1968 – protests against increasing American presence in Vietnam Practice 5 (Wording of answers may vary)
Main idea: People pass through three stages in reacting to unemployment.
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大学英语阅读进阶答案(全)第四版
