话题二十四 环境保护(B)
A
[2019·郑州一中高三摸底]
The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year. Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home. To help fight the_problem,_the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.
WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4. 3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple coal cookstoves. WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease. The main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do the household work.
Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHO's Department of Public Health. Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene(煤油) fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not improve the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors.
Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good cookstoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.
WHO experts note some new, safe and low-cost
technologies that could help are already available. In India, you can buy an induction(电磁感应) stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1. But, this, the agency says, is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护 主题：室内空气污染
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了室内空气污染的原因、影响及相应的应对措施。
【难句分析】 The main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do the household work.
分析：本句是一个复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词developing countries。
译文：发展中国家的女性是主要的受害者，因为她们经常待在家里做家务。
1．What does “the problem” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Indoor air pollution. B．Cooking habits. C．Poor cookstoves. D．Use of natural gas.
答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第一段第三句“Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home”可推知，此处提到要应对的问题是“室内空气污染”，故选A。
2．Why are women and girls the main victims of the indoor air pollution?
A．They are very weak in the developing countries. B．They are more sensitive to the indoor air pollution. C．They are exposed to the indoor air pollution more. D．They are lack of doing more exercise outdoors.
答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“The main victims are women and girls in developing countries，where they usually stay at home and do the household work”可知，发展中国家的女性是室内空气污染的主要受害者，这是因为她们经常待在家里做家务，故选C。
3．Which of the following is a good way to avoid indoor air pollution?
A．To open a window while cooking.
B．To use unprocessed coal indoors.
C．To promote the cleaner and more modern cooking appliances.
D．To popularize the traditional cookstoves in the home. 答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances”和最后三段的内容可推知，避免室内空气污染的有效办法就是推广更清洁、更现代化的烹饪器具的使用，故选C。
4．What is the best title of the text?
A．How to Prevent Pollution
B．How to Protect Women and Girls
C．Indoor Air Pollution Kills Millions Rach Year
D．The Importance of Health in Developing Countries 答案与解析：C 考查标题判断。根据文章第一段第一句，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了室内空气污染的问题，故选C。
B
[2019·湖南省高三六校联考试题]
Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.
It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho bubbles without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could
2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之：话题二十四 环境保护(B) Word版含解析
