外商直接投资的技术溢出效应分析
及对我国的影响
摘要
外商直接投资是当今国际资本流动的主要形式，外商直接投资作为当今世界技术转移最重要的载体之一，其技术溢出效应是推动东道国经济发展的重要动力，是对东道国经济贡献的一种表现。在全球竞争中，支撑我国企业和产业竞争力持续提升的核心技术依然缺乏。美国金融危机引发的全球危机，必然还会带来全球产业结构的调整和新的分工，对包括资本、人力等在的各种生产要素在世界围重新洗牌，为我国企业技术提升和发展带来新的机会。通过外商直接投资的技术溢出效应的分析，外商直接投资技术溢出效应积极方面有利于中国的经济发展，同时另一方面对中国经济发展造成了消极影响。本文在深入分析技术溢出效应的产生途径及其影响因素的基础上，对我国如何强化和吸收技术溢出效应提出了相关政策建议，促进外商直接投资的技术溢出效应，从而实现我国科学技术的提升和经济可持续增长的双赢目标。
[关键词] 外商直接投资 技术溢出效应 影响 对策
专业WORD.
ABSTRACT
Foreign direct investment is currently the main form of international capital flows, as one of the most important carrier of the technology transfer in today's world, the technology spillover effect is an important engine to promote the economic development of the host country, also is a manifestation of the economic contribution to the host country. In the global competition, Chinese enterprises and industries is still lack of the core technology which is supporting to enhance competitiveness. The global crisis triggered by U.S. financial crisis, will inevitably bring about the global industrial restructuring and the new division of labor, to re-shuffle all factors of production including capital, manpower and so on worldwide, which is bringing new opportunities to upgrade Chinese enterprises technology and development. Through analyzing technology spillover effect of the foreign direct investment, the positive side is that technology spillover effect of foreign direct investment is conducive to China's economic development, on the other hand, it also have a negative impact to China's economic development. This paper is analyzing in-depth of the occurrence and influential factors of technology spillover, on this basis, putting forward relevant policy recommendations how to strengthen and the absorption of technology spillovers to promote the technology spillovers of foreign direct investment, thereby to achieve Win-win goal of enhancing China's science and technology and sustainable economic growth.
[Key Words] foreign direct investment technology spillovers influence countermeasure
专业WORD.
目录
一、外商直接投资的技术溢出效应实现途径及影响因素 .................................. (1)
（一）外商直接投资的技术溢出效应实现途径 ...................................... (2) 1、当地企业通过与跨国公司的前后向关联得到技术 ................................. (2) 2、人力资源的流动产生溢出效应进行技术转移 ..................................... (2) 3、通过示与竞争来产生溢出效应 ................................................. (2) （二）外商直接投资技术溢出效应的影响因素 ...................................... (2) 1、东道国技术吸收能力的影响 ................................................... (2) 2、当地人力资本存量的影响 ..................................................... (3) 3、当地产品市场竞争环境的影响 ................................................. (3) 4、东道国企业研发水平的影响 ................................................... (4) 5、东道国金融市场效率的影响 ................................................... (4) 二、外商直接投资的技术溢出效应对我国经济的影响 .................................... (4)
（一）外商直接投资的技术溢出效益对我国经济的积极影响 .......................... (4) 1、促进产业结构提升和技术进步 ................................................. (5) 2、提高人力资本的技术含量和国企业的研发能力与水平 ............................. (5) 3、对我国企业示、模仿效应更加显著 ............................................. (6) （二）外商直接投资的技术溢出效应对我国负面影响 ................................ (6) 1、导致我国直接引进技术减少 ................................................... (6) 2、引发技术安全与技术依赖 ..................................................... (7) 3、削弱我国企业的竞争力 ....................................................... (7) 4、加剧我国人才的流失 ......................................................... (8) 三、利用外商直接投资的技术溢出效应促进我国技术进步的对策 .......................... (8)
（一）加强政策导向努力提升利用外商直接投资的效率 .............................. (8) （二）增强我国企业的技术吸纳和创新能力 ........................................ (9) （三）营造完善市场环境，加速技术进步 .......................................... (9) （四）重视对跨国公司人才的吸引和人力资源的开发 ............................... (10) （五）建立良好的制度环境注意产权保护 ......................................... (11) 参考文献 ........................................................................ (13)
专业WORD.
外商直接投资的技术溢出效应分析及对我国的影响
