2017年湖南农业大学硕士招生自命题科目试题
科目名称及代码： 单独考试英语 240 适 用 专 业：所有专业单考生 考生需带的工具：
考生注意事项：① 所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题纸上一律无效；
② 按试题顺序答题，在答题纸上标明题目序号； ? 请将所选答案字母涂黑。如：[A][B][C][D] ④ 总分: 100分； 考试时间： 180分钟
I. Use of English (10 points / 0.5 point each)
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C and D on the ANSWER SHEET.
The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not __1__ from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, “mail order” catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier __2__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model __3__ in other business transactions; the difference __4__ in the details.
To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __5__ online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, __6__ an item, arranges a form of payment, and __7__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be __8__ on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent __9__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce __10__ one to send payment information electronically.
In the decade __11__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __12__ novelty to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few __13__ had a web page, and __14__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years __15__, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __16__ users with the opportunity to place an order. __17__, many banks added online access, __18__ online banking and bill paying became __19__. More importantly, the value of goods and services __20__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.
1.[A] distract [B] descend [C] differ [D] derive 2.[A] with [B] via [C] from [D] off 3.[A] appeared [B] used [C] resorted [D] served 4.[A] situates [B] lies [C] roots [D] locates 5.[A] on [B] of [C] for [D] to
6.[A] reflects [B] detects [C] protects [D] selects
7.[A] sends in [B] puts out [C] stands for [D] carries away 8.[A] visible [B] responsible [C] feasible [D] sensible
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9.[A] beside [B] over [C] beyond [D] up 10.[A] appeals [B] admits [C] advocates [D] allows 11.[A] after [B] behind [C] until [D] toward
12.[A] optional [B] invalid [C] occasional [D] insignificant 13.[A] communities [B] corps [C] corporations [D] compounds 14.[A] largely [B] slightly [C] solely [D] only 15.[A] lately [B] later [C] late [D] latter 16.[A] offered [B] convinced [C] equipped [D] provided 17.[A] Instead [B] Nevertheless [C] However [D] Besides 18.[A] and [B] or [C] but [D] though 19.[A] different [B] flexible [C] widespread [D] productive 20.[A] acquired [B] adapted [C] practiced [D] proceeded
II. Reading Comprehension(40 points / 2 points each)
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. TEXT ONE
High-quality customer service is preached by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school
“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,”said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.”the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”
On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.
According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.
The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.
During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.
Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.
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“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch.“Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.
21. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?
[A] Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences. [B] Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them. [C] Few customers believe the service will be improved. [D] Customers have no easy access to store managers.
22. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)?
[A] New customers are bound to replace old ones.
[B] It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores. [C] Most stores provide the same
[D] Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.
23. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers______. [A] can stay longer browsing in the store [B] won’t have trouble parking their cars [C] won’t have any worries about security [D] can find their cars easily after shopping
24. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers? [A] Manners of the salespeople [B] Hiring of efficient employees [C] Huge supply of goods for sale [D] Design of the store layout.
25. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________. [A] exert pressure on stores to improve their service [B] settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way [C] voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly [D] shop around and make comparisons between stores
TEXT TWO
Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .
The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair. “You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in you hair,” said Thure
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湖南农业大学 240英语 2017年硕士研究生考研真题
