看看看看你能你们Unit 4 Sharing
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the brain somewhere; they just can't be easily accessed.
Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer's. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons (转基因神经元). Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it involves inserting light emitting(发光) equipment into the subjects' brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.
“The important point is that this is evidence of the concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. It's a matter of how to get it back，”said the senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.
The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer's and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock.All of the mice showed fear when put back an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer's mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.
The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating(激活) the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated.
“Short-term memories seem to be normal in order of hours.But for long-term memories, these early-Alzheimer's mice seem to be damaged，”said the lead researcher Dheeraj Roy.“Directly activating the cells that we believe are holding the memory helps them get it back. This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, not that they are unable to learn or store this memory.”
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了利用光控制转基因神经元使早老性痴呆病患者恢复记忆的技术。
1．What can we learn about the researchers at MIT? A．They are the pioneers of brain research.
9
看看看看你能你们B．They have used the method in human trials. C．They can cure Alzheimer's using the new method. D．They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimer's.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Now，researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer's.”可知，他们能够使患有早老性痴呆病的老鼠恢复记忆。
答案：D
2．Why did the Alzheimer's mice behave normally the third time? A．They failed to remember the electric shock. B．They were accustomed to the situation. C．They managed to overcome the fear.
D．They activated the association automatically.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“the Alzheimer's mice acted normally.They had forgotten the shock.”可知，这些老鼠忘记了受到的电击。
答案：A
3．For long-term memories, the early-Alzheimer's mice . A．can transform their brain cells B．can't learn new tricks well C．can easily get back their memories D．can't access the information stored
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But for long-term memories，these early-Alzheimer's mice seem to be damaged”和“Directly activating...this memory”可知，对于长期记忆来说，这些处于早老性痴呆病早期的老鼠因为(脑细胞)已经被损害，不能获得这种已经储存的信息。
答案：D
4．The main purpose of the text is to . A．introduce a method of a research
B．report the latest discovery about a disease C．give advice on how to improve memories D．explain how a brain stores information
解析：作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文的主要目的是报道关于早老性痴呆病的最新发现。
答案：B
B
9
看看看看你能你们If you followed the 2016 Olympic Games, you may have noticed that several athletes, including US swimmer Michael Phelps, had circular bruises on their bodies. These bruises were the result of “cupping (拔火罐) therapy”， a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than 2,000 years.
Many athletes say that they have benefited from the therapy. Phelps used the therapy in the fall of 2014 and has used it about twice a week since, reported ABC
News. Another US swimmer, Dana Vollmer, also believes that “it really helps with
blood flow”．
However, some have said that the supposed health effects result from people's feeling that the treatment works, rather than any physical effect of the treatment.
To figure out cupping therapy has any physical effect, last year researchers from Germany carried out a test in which a false treatment was provided.
In the study, the same type of cups was used in the real treatment and the false treatment. But in the false treatment，the cups had a hole at the top so that they couldn't create the proper suction (吸力)．
The tested patients, who suffered from a disorder that caused a lot of pain, were told that they would receive either traditional cupping or “soft cupping”. But they were not informed that the so-called “soft cupping” was a false treatment.
It turned out that most patients correctly guessed which kind of cupping they had received. In both groups, patients also experienced about the same reductions in pain. “The results suggest the effects of cupping therapy might come from factors that are not necessarily part of the treatment itself，” the researchers told the Live Science website.
The question of whether cupping therapy works still needs to be answered.“But because the treatment is relatively safe and it could be helpful for some people, the therapy can be used as part of a comprehensive treatment program involving other exercises, nutritional choices and lifestyle changing，”Dr Brent Bauer, director of the US Complementary and Integrative Medicine Program at Mayo Clinic, told
Live Science.
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了中国传统医疗方式拔火罐的实际疗效问题。 5．Why is Michael Phelps mentioned in the passage? A．To give athletes a new way to swim faster. B．To provide athletes with a new way of treatment. C．To introduce the topic on cupping therapy.
9
(全国卷)2019届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Sharing课时作业 新人教版选修7
