译林牛津版高中英语(必修三)(全册知识点语法考点梳理、重点题型分类巩固练习)(家教、补习、复习用)

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译林牛津版高中英语（必修三）

重难点突破

全册知识点梳理及重点题型举一反三巩固练习

Unit 1 The world of our sense语言点（一）

目标认知 重点词汇

raise，sign，confuse，fare，observe，glance，narrow，approach，darkness，hesitate，grasp stare，anxious，aid，relief，sense，cover，wonder，副词this/that, beat, still, chance 重点短语

in／within sight，wish for，reach out，watch out for，so far, go hungry，get across 重点句型

find sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 by the time 知识讲解 重点词汇

raise

【原句回放】Blind people can read by touching letters in raised dots called Braille.（P1） 盲人通过触摸突起的字母的方式阅读被称为‘Braille’。 【点拨】raise vt.

(1)举起，抬起，扬起，升起

She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence． 她把手指放在嘴边示意要安静。 [辨析]raise，lift，rise

raise为及物动词，指将某人、某物或声音“提升，抬高”到更高的位置。 He raised his head．他抬起头来。

lift为及物动词，指将物体从较低处“举起”到较高处。 Lift me up，mummy．I can’t see． 妈妈，把我抱起来，我看不见。

rise为不及物动词，指日、月、气体、温度、水位、生活水平等“升起，提高”。 The river is rising after the rain． 下雨之后河水上涨了。 (2)提高，提升

Please raise your voice a little．I cannot hear you． 请大点声，我听不清你说的话。 (3)提出

I find it difficult to judge some of the points you raise．

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我发现你提出的一些问题让人很难判别。 (4)招募，筹集

We’re trying to raise funds for the Red Cross． 我们正在努力为红十字会筹钱。 (5)养大，培养，饲养，种植

We raised five thousand chrysanthemums last year．我们去年种了五千株菊花。 (6)引起

That discussion raised my interest． 那一讨论引起了我的兴趣。

sign

【原句回放】People with hearing problems can understand each other using sign language.（P1） 听觉有问题的人听过首饰语言可以彼此间互相理解。 【点拨】sign n. ＆ v. (1)n.迹象，痕迹，征兆

The tests can detect early signs of disease． 这些检查可以发现疾病的早期征兆。

The police looked all around the house，but there was no sign of a struggle． 警察搜查了整幢房子，但没有发现打斗的迹象。 (2)n.手势，姿势，信号

Nobody moves until I give the sign． 在我发出信号之前，谁也不许动。

Bruce made a sign that he was ready to leave． 布鲁斯做了一个手势，表示他准备走了。 (3)v.签(名)，署(名)

You forgot to sign the check!你忘了在支票上签字! (4)v.做手势

She signed for US to go inside．她打手势让我们进去。

He was desperately signing to me not to mention anything about Jack． 他正拼命向我打手势，叫我不要提起杰克的任何事。 【拓展】含sign的短语

sign away签字放弃 sign for签收

sign in签到 sign over签字将财产等转让 sign up签约受雇；雇用，报名参加 confuse

【原句回放】However, even if we have good senses, they can still confuse us.（P1） 但是，尽管我们有很好的理解力，他们仍然会让我们感到困惑。 【点拨】confuse vt．

(1)把……弄糊涂，使……混乱

They confused me by asking so many questions． 他们问了我这么多问题简直把我搞懵了。

Don’t give me so much information—you’re confusing me． 别跟我说那么多消息，你都要把我搞糊涂了。

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Her unexpected visit confused all our plans． 她的突然造访把我们的计划全搞乱了。 (2)弄混淆

I always confuse the two sisters--they look so alike. 她们姐妹俩长得太相像了，我总是辨不清。 Don’t confuse Austria with Australia． 不要把奥地利跟澳大利亚弄混了。 【拓展1】辨析：confuse，puzzle 1. confuse指因混淆而产生的迷惑。

I’m always confusing John with Paul—which one is John? 我总是分不清约翰和保罗，哪一位是约翰? 2. puzzle指使人难理解，辨不清是非。 I was puzzled what to do next． 我不知道下一步该怎么做。

【拓展】confusion n. 混乱，无秩序，慌乱；

confusing令人糊涂的；使人迷惑不解的 confused adj. 感到迷惑不解的

He looked confused．His reactions seemed very slow． 他显得迷惑不解，似乎反应很慢。

I’m afraid I’m a little confused about these things． 恐怕我对这些事有点糊涂。

(2015 浙江高考) … you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you… 你和教授可以认真研究使你困惑的特定的要点…… fare

【原句回放】How far are you going? the bus conductor asked her before he took her fare.(P2) 售票员在收她的钱之前问：“你要去哪儿”。 【点拨】fare n.

(1)[C] (公共汽车／火车／出租车)票价，费用 How much is the airfare to Beijing? 到北京的飞机票价多少钱?

All fares，please! 请买票!(公共汽车售票员用语) (2)[C]付费的乘客(尤指出租车)

Bob，who is a taxi driver，had only three fares last night． 鲍勃是一名出租车司机，昨晚仅载了3名乘客。 (3)[U]供享受的东西(尤指饮食) simple fare简单的饮食

—How do you like the school fare? 你觉得学校的伙食怎么样? —Well，I don’t actually enjoy it，yet it is for free． 嗯，我实际上不喜欢吃，但那是免费的。 【拓展】辨析：fare，fee，price与expense 易混词 fare 费用 区别 指乘坐公共汽车、轮船、出租车等交通工具的例句 What’s the train fare to London? 到伦敦的火车票价是多少? 资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用

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常作复数fees，指给律师、医生等专业人员的fee price expense 服务费、酬金或(考试的)报名费、(加入俱乐部的)会费等 价格；出售价格 支出，费用 The entrance fees have gone up by 50%． 入会(场)费已经上涨了50%。 What’s the price of the shoes? 这双鞋多少钱? The students share all the everyday expenses． 学生们分担所有的日常开支。

observe

【原句回放】As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat. (P2) 当Polly观察车上的乘客时，她感觉到有个高个子穿黑色大衣的男的在盯着她。 【点拨】observe vt. (1)观察，注意到，看到 常用搭配

observe sb．／sth．do… 观察到某人／物做了……（do前不加to，表示观察到全过程；被动语态时不省略to）

observe sb.／sth. doing… 观察到某人／物正在做……（表示观察到正在做） observe sb.／sth. done… 观察到某人／物被……，观察到某人／物遭遇…… The policeman observed the man open／opening the window． 那个警察看到那个人打开了／正在打开窗户。 They were observed to enter／entering the bank．

他们被注意到进了／正在进入银行。(被动语态中不能省略to) He was observed to steal from the shop． 他被人看到从商店里偷东西。

She observed that the pond was drying up．她注意到池塘快干涸了。

The police have been observing his movements．警方一直在监视着他的一举一动。 (2015 重庆高考) He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years． 他注意到2000年后荷马仍然受人赞赏。 (2)遵守，奉行(法律、协议或习俗)

So far the ceasefire has been observed by both sides． 到目前为止，双方都遵守着停火协定。 (3)庆祝，欢度

Do they observe Christmas? 他们过圣诞节吗? They held a meeting to observe May Day． 他们举行了一个集会来庆祝五一劳动节。 【拓展】observer n. 目击者，观测员

observation n. 观察，注意；评述，言论；观察力 observatory n. 天文台，气象台

【拓展2】辨析：observe，look，watch，see与notice ①observe观察；从不同的角度长时间地看并研究。 ②look看；因想看而投注目光，不管结果如何。

③watch看，观看；特别留意、感兴趣地看着运动着的东西。

④see看到，看见；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到，无进行时。 ⑤notice看到，注意到，觉察到；偶尔看到细小但可能是重要的事情。

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He observed the stars all his life．他一生致力于观察星象。 He is looking at the picture on the wall．他正在看墙上的画。 Our family are watching TV．我们一家人正在看电视。 I can see the light in the distance．我能看见远处的灯光。 Do you notice anything unusual? 你觉察出有异样的情况吗? glance

【原句回放】While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. (P2) 当剩余的乘客都出去后，她环顾了一下她四周的人。 【点拨】glance

(1)vi.一瞥，迅速看一眼（常与介词at，through，towards或副词up等连用） He glanced nervously at his watch． 他紧张不安地看了一下表。

Nadine glanced round to see if there was anyone that she knew． 纳丁快速环视了一下，看看是否有她认识的人。

Can you glance through these figures and tell me what you think of them? 你能粗略看一下这些数字，然后把意见告诉我吗? (2)n. [C] 一瞥，瞥视

常用搭配：give／take／shoot／throw a glance(at) (朝……)一瞥，看一眼

exchange glances交换目光，互相看一眼 at a glance看一眼

at first glance乍一看，最初看到时

She walked off without a glance in my direction． 她扬长而去，不朝我这儿看一眼。

He could tell at a glance what was wrong with the car． 他一眼就能看出汽车有什么毛病。

At first glance the problem seemed easy． 乍一看问题似乎很容易解决。

narrow 【原句回放】As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone. (P2)

当她走在狭窄的街道时，她听到越来越近的脚步声，但当她到了街道的角落时，脚步声没有了。

【点拨】narrow adj. ＆ v. (1)adj.窄的

The road was too narrow for cars to pass．路很窄，汽车过不去。 (2)adj.有限的，受限制的

He has a narrow circle of friends．他交友不广。 (3)adj.勉强的

a narrow escape from death九死一生

He was elected by a narrow majority．他以微弱优势当选。 (4)adj.狭隘的

He has a very narrow mind．他度量很小。

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