甘肃省古浪县第二中学2019-2020学年高二英语12月基础知识竞赛
试题（无答案）
本试题共分第I卷（80分）和第Ⅱ卷（70分），共150分，考试时间120分钟请将 所有答案写在答题卡上。
第I卷（选择题，共80分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mary Somerville was born in 1780 in Burntisland, Scotland. Her contribution to mathematics was in both algebra (代数) and differential and integral calculus (微积分学).
Mary was one of the world’s first famous female mathematicians. She became interested in mathematics and decided to study it at the time when it was considered unacceptable for a woman to do so. She bought books on algebra and geometry and read them at night. In spite of disapproval from people around her, she firmly went on with her struggle to learn. She won a prize for her solution to an algebra problem. She went on to write several books on mathematics. Later in her life, she thought deeply about the years in which she had persevered (坚持) almost without hope and said, “It taught me never to lose heart.”
Mary’s way of learning remains useful today. If she worked for a while on a problem without coming up with an idea, she stopped working and turned her attention to the piano, her needlework, or a walk outdoors. She then returned to the problem with a fresh mind and a solution turned up. If she could not understand a passage while reading, she would forget about it and read on; several pages later, the meaning of the puzzling passage would become clear to her. 1．Why did Mary decide to study math?
A．Because she found math interesting and wanted to study it.
B．Because she was one of the world’s first famous female mathematicians. C．Because it was not considered acceptable for a woman to study math. D．Because she was bored and had nothing to do.
2．What does the underlined word “disapproval” in Paragraph 2 mean in this text? A．Disagreement. B．Agreement. C．Support. 3．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．Mary could solve any difficult math problem easily. B．Mary was, without doubt, a famous female mathematician.
C．Mary had some useful ways to deal with difficulties in her work. D．Mary’s ways to overcome difficulties were not effective.
4．According to the passage, if you have been puzzled by a math problem, you’d better ______.
A．keep working on it until it is solved B．just forget about the problem C．turn to your math teacher for help
D．listen to light music for a while and then continue working on it
B
Welcome to the Friendship Hotel. To make your stay as enjoyable as possible, we hope you will use our facilities (设施) to the full.
Room Service
This operates 24 hours a day. Phone the Reception Desk, and your message will be passed on to the room staff.
Telephone: 48759 Dining Room
Breakfast is served in the dining mom from 8 to 9:30 a. m. Alternatively, the room staff will bring a breakfast tray to your room at any time after 7 a.m., if you place an order for it by telephone. In this case, please fill out a card and hang it outside your door when you go to bed.
Lunch: 12:00 to 2:30 p.m. Dinner: 7:30 to 9 p.m.
D．Discovery.
Telephone: 48752 Telephone
To make a telephone call, dial 0 for Reception and Laundry (洗衣店), and ask to be connected. We apologize for delays in putting calls through when the staff are very busy. There are also public telephone booths (电话亭) near the Reception Desk. Early calls should be booked with Reception.
Shop
The hotel shop is open for souvenirs (纪念品), gifts and toiletries (化妆品) from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
Telephone: 48687 Laundry
We have a laundry on the premises (附属) and will wash, iron and return your clothes within 24 hours. Ask the room staff to phone the laundrymen to collect them. Telephone: 48867
Bar
The hotel bar is open from 12 to 2 p.m., and 7 p.m. to 2 a.m. The Reception staff will cash cheques and exchange money in many foreign currencies (货币). 5．What should you do if you want a snack (快餐) at 9 a.m? A．Go to the hotel shop. C．Tell the waiter.
B．Go to the hotel bar. D．Phone Reception
6．Which number should you dial if you want to have your clothes washed? A．48752 B．48867 C．48687 D．48759 7．The writer of the passage mainly wants to _________. A．give us information about the services of the hotel stay in the hotel
C．tell us the ways of serving service
C
Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to
D．promise us good
B．persuade us to
these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. While the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random(随机地) from population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
8．Which best describes the writer’s point in Para.1? A．Intelligence is given at birth.
B．Intelligence is developed by the environment.
C．Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment. D．Some people are born clever and others born stupid. 9．It is suggested in this passage that __________. A．close relations usually have similar intelligence
B．unrelated people are not likely to have similar intelligence
C．the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence
D．people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence
10．The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows_________.
A．the importance of their intelligence intelligence
C．the importance of their positions
D．the part that birth plays B．the effect of environment on
11．The best title for this article would be “_____________”. A．On Intelligence
B．What Intelligence Means D
It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack.
She didn’t share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (胆固醇) level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.
While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very real bad consequences.
False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through the “nocebo effect (反安慰剂效应) ”. Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention (干预) simply because they believe they will—that’s the placebo effect (安慰剂效应) . The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can
D．Environment Decides Intelligence
C．Born with Intelligence
甘肃省古浪县第二中学2019 - 2020学年高二英语12月基础知识竞赛试题（无答案）
