The dog that he keeps e bites
c) Herbert found the man she loved. Deep structure
CP
C S
NP VP
N Infl V NP
CP
Det N C S
NP Infl VP
NP N V N
Herbert found the man she loved who
Surface Structure
CP
C S
NP VP
N Infl V NP
CP
Det N S C
NP Infl VP
NP NP N V
N N Herbert found the man (whom) she loved e
d) The girl whom he often quarrels with majors in linguistics. Deep structure
CP
11
C S
NP VP
Det N CP V PP
P NP C Infl S
N NP VP
PP
N Qual VP NP V P N
The girl he often quarrels with whom majors in linguistics
Surface Structure
CP
C S
NP VP
Det N CP V PP
P NP C S
N NP NP Infl VP
PP
N N Qual VP NP V P N
The girl whom he often quarrels with e majors in linguistics
12
8. The derivations of the following sentences involve the inversion transformation. Give the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of these sentences. a) Would you come tomorrow? Deep structure
CP
C S
VP
NP AdvP
N Infl V Adv
you would come tomorrow
Surface structure
CP
C S
VP
NP AdvP Infl N Infl V Adv
would you e come tomorrow
b) Can you pass me the newspaper?
Deep structure
CP
C S
VP
NP NP N Infl V N Det N
you can pass me the newspaper
Surface structure
CP
C S
13
VP
Infl NP NP NP N Infl V N Det N
Can you e pass me the newspaper
c) Should the students report the incident? Deep structure
CP
C S
VP
NP NP Det N Infl V Det N
the students should report the incident
Surface structure
CP
C S
VP
Infl NP NP Det N Infl V Det N
should the students e report the incident
d) What did you eat for lunch?
Deep structure
CP
C S
VP
NP PP
NP NP N Infl V P
N N
you did eat what for lunch
14
Surface structure
CP
NP C S
VP
Infl NP PP
NP NP N N Infl V P
N N
what did you e eat e for lunch
e) Who should this be reported to ?
Deep structure
CP
C S
VP
NP PP
VP NP N Infl V V P
N
this should be reported to whom
Surface structure
CP
NP C S
VP
N Infl NP PP
VP NP N Infl V V P
N
15
whom should this e be reported to e
f) What was Helen bringing to the party?
Deep structure
CP
C S
VP
NP PP
NP NP N Infl V P
N Det N
Helen was bringing what to the party
Surface structure
CP
NP C S
VP
N Infl NP PP
NP NP N Infl V P
N Det N
what was Helen e bringing e to the party
16
英语语言学树形图举例
