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新视野大学英语读写教程〔第三版〕
BOOK 3 教案
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章节 Unit One: The Way to Success Section A: New Words and Expressions 教学内容 Text: Never, ever give up! Exercises: Vocabulary, Sentence Structure, Translation Listening, Speaking & Writing Skills 1.To talk about the secret of success; 2. To further understand the text; 教学目的 3. To apply the phrases and patterns; 4. To master the essay writing skill; 1. Clearly know the structure of the passage; 2. Master the important language points; 教学要求 3. Briefly summarize the passage alone; 4. Correctly use and master the key words in this unit. 1. The structure of the whole passage discussed and the writing ways mentioned in this passage 2. The reading skills mentioned in this unit 3. listening practicing related to the contents learned in this unit 1. The use of the new words and phrases in this passage 2. The writing ways mentioned in this passage 3. Some important sentence structures 重点 难点 课 堂 设 计 Step 1: Lead-in The First Step 2: Pre-reading Activities Two Periods Step 3: New Words Step 1: Background Information Questioning Discussing Questioning 10m Discussing Lecturing, 80m Questioning Giving Examples Questioning 10m Discussing 10m & & & & The Second Two Step 2: Structure Analysis 10m Lecturing Periods Lecturing, Step 3: Language points and Difficult 70m Questioning & Sentences Giving Examples 2 / 44
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Step 4: prehension of the Text A Step 1: Summarize the passage orally The Step 2: Exercises (Words in use, Word Third Questioning building, Banked cloze, Expressions in use, 70m Two Discussing Translation in Section A) Periods Lecturing, Step 3: Revision & Homework 10m Questioning Step 1: Check Homework The Step 2:Structured Writing Forth Two Step 3: Listening Periods Step 4: Speaking Questioning Discussing Questioning 20m Discussing 10m & & & 30m 30m 20m 20m Questioning Watching & Discussing Listening & Questioning Questioning & Discussing 教 学 过 程 The First Two Periods: Step 1: Lead-in: 1. What is success? 2. What do you think are the secrets of success? Step 2: Pre-reading Activities: 1. Listen to a talk about steps to make your dreams e true. Fill in the blanks based on what you hear. 2. Listen to the talk again and discuss the following questions. Step 3: New Words The Second Two Periods: Step 1: Background Information 1. Public schools in the UK & US 2. Winston Churchill Step 2: Structure Analysis Part I (): By using Winston Churchill’s story and his speech at Harrow as an introduction to the topic, the text makes clear its statement: the secret of success is “Never give up〞. Part II (Paras.3-7): Through the examples of world famous scientists, statesman, and jurist, the text brings forward the statement that only those with a strong will, those who “keep their eyes on the prize〞, and those who expend the substantial effort to keep going, will finally succeed. Part III (Paras 8): By reinforcing the statement given in part II, the text draws the conclusion that with hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, acplish any feat, and 3 / 44
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achieve success. Step 3: Language points and Difficult Sentences Practical Phrases 1. deviate from … 偏离，背离…… 2. preclude sb. from doing …阻止某人做…… 3. triumph over …战胜…… 4. in (the) pursuit of … 追求…… 5. work one’s way; to/through/into…通过奋斗逐步达到 6. give up on … 放弃…… 7. focus on …专注于…… Functional Patterns 1. A, B, C –none of these be/do…用于表达“对条件的否认〞。 2. Sb. do sth., not because …, but because …用于表达“某人做某事的原因〞。 3. It’s not … that matters. It’s …that be/do…用于表达“对某事物最为重要的因素是……〞。 Step 4: prehension of the Text A Understanding the text (Page 9) The Third Two Periods: Step 1: Summarize the passage orally Step 2: Exercises Words in use (Page 9) Word building (Page 10,11) Banked cloze (Page 12) Expressions in use (Page 12) Translation (Page 16) Step 3: Revision & Homework 1. Finish the exercises of Unit 1in the prehensive Exercises (Page 1-6, 9) 2. Write a position of no less than 200 words on the topic: No one succeeds without a strong will The Forth Two Periods: Step 1: Check Homework Step 2:Structured Writing Topic: Biological clocks Introduction: Thesis statement: Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset. Body1: Topic sentence: To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in people’s biological clocks can be adjusted. Example: A traveler flying from New York to London can adjust his normal rhythms to London time. Body2: Topic sentence: The same kind of resetting also takes place in the biological clocks of animals and plants. Example 1: The clock of an animal or plant can be set to the laboratory-produced 4 / 44
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hours of light and dark. Example 2: Mussels can adjust to the tides of the new beach after being moved from the old one. Conclusion: Biological clocks, in a way, serve as automatic internal “watches〞 for all living things. Step 3: Listening Step 4: Speaking Make a speech on the following topic. Suppose you are to give a speech on how to achieve success. 课后补遗
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章节 Unit Two: Beat your fear Section A: New Words and Expressions 教学内容 Text: Swimming through fear Exercises: Vocabulary, Sentence Structure, Translation Listening, Speaking & Writing Skills 1.To talk about how to beat fear 2. To further understand the text; 教学目的 3. To apply the phrases and patterns; 4. To master the essay writing skill; 1. Clearly know the structure of the passage; 2. Master the important language points; 教学要求 3. Briefly summarize the passage alone; 4. Correctly use and master the key words in this unit. 1. The structure of the whole passage discussed and the writing ways mentioned in this passage 2. The reading skills mentioned in this unit 3. listening practicing related to the contents learned in this unit 1. The use of the new words and phrases in this passage 2. The writing ways mentioned in this passage 3. Some important sentence structures 重点 难点 课 堂 设 计 Step 1: Lead-in The First Step 2: Pre-reading Activities Two Periods Step 3: New Words Step 1: Background Information Questioning Discussing Questioning 10m Discussing Lecturing, 80m Questioning Giving Examples Questioning 10m Discussing 10m & & & & The Second Two Step 2: Structure Analysis 10m Lecturing Periods Lecturing, Step 3: Language points and Difficult 70m Questioning & Sentences Giving Examples 6 / 44
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Step 4: prehension of the Text A Step 1: Summarize the passage orally The Step 2: Exercises (Words in use, Word Third Questioning building, Banked cloze, Expressions in use, 70m Two Discussing Translation in Section A) Periods Lecturing, Step 3: Revision & Homework 10m Questioning Step 1: Check Homework The Step 2:Structured Writing Forth Two Step 3: Listening Periods Step 4: Speaking Questioning Discussing Questioning 20m Discussing 10m & & & 30m 30m 20m 20m Questioning Watching & Discussing Listening & Questioning Questioning & Discussing 教 学 过 程 The First Two Periods: Step 1: Lead-in: 3. Look at the some pictures, what are these people afraid of? 4. Did you have a fear of something before? If so, how did you overe it? Step 2: Pre-reading Activities: 3. Listen to a story about Jack’s fear and decide whether the following statements are T (true) or F (false). 4. Listen to the talk again and discuss the following questions. Step 3: New Words The Second Two Periods: Step 1: Background Information 3. Have you ever heard about Mediterranean Sea? What do you know about it? 4. Do you know what is “rip current〞? How to escape from rip current? Step 2: Structure Analysis Part I (3): On a tour of France, I saw the Mediterranean Sea, but the rip currents scared me. And it reminded me that I developed a fear of water due to the experience of last summer and since then, the fear wouldn’t recede. Part II (Paras.4-17):When I saw a boy drowning amid the waves, I was in a mental and emotional struggle whether I should save him because I was extremely terrified of water. After my fierce struggle, I made the single big decision: to throw myself into the water. I finally reached the boy and had him under control; but when I swam back toward shore, the rip current was forcibly dragging us out to sea. I tried to remember how to escape from a rip current, and with that, I slowly made my way to safety, thus conquering my inner fear 7 / 44
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of water as well. Part III (Paras 18-19):I was relaxed and happy in a moment of triumph and salvation. Step 3: Language points and Difficult Sentences Practical Phrases 1. deem sth. Important认为……重要 2. pop up突然出现；冒出来 3. be paralyzed with使丧失思考能力，使呆假如木鸡 4. plow through sth. 困难费力的通过 5. throw oneself into / at / on / down突然猛力地冲进/扑向/跳到/扑倒等 6. make one’s way行进〔尤指困难地，或需要很长时间时〕 Functional Patterns 1. Nothing … as much as … 否认比拟级，用于表达“最……〞。 2. As sb. did sth. sb. realize something incredible / provoking / important: sb. no longer … 用于表达“某人对某些事的反思〞。 3. Adj. as sb. was, sb. / sth. had never looked adj. 用于表达“某人对某事或某人新的看法〞。 Step 4: prehension of the Text A Understanding the text The Third Two Periods: Step 1: Summarize the passage orally Step 2: Exercises Words in use (Page 39) Word building (Page 40,41) Banked cloze (Page 42) Expressions in use (Page 42) Translation (Page 46) Step 3: Revision & Homework 3. Review the whole passage 4. Write a position of no less than 200 words on the topic: My biggest mistake The Forth Two Periods: Step 1: Check Homework Step 2:Structured Writing Topic: Biological clocks Topic: Dad’s blessings Introduction: Thesis statement: We often misread people we truly care for in our life and may never again have a chance to make up for it. Exposition: Setting: Upon graduation, a young man was expecting his dad’s blessing. Conflict: The father’s gift, a Bible with the young man’s name on it in gold, resulted in the young man’s storming out of the house on Graduation Day. Development: Rising action: Having bee successful, the young man decided to pay a visit to his father. Climax: When the young man made arrangements to visit his father, he was informed 8 / 44
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of his father’s death. Falling action: When he arrived at his father’s house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. Conclusion: Resolution: The young man found the key for the sports car he once dreamed of in the still new Bible when searching through his father’s belongings. But his father was gone. Step 3: Listening Step 4: Speaking Make a speech on the following topic.: Suppose, as an eye-witness, you are expected to write a report to the police. 课后补遗
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3
Life stories
UNIT___________________
PART l
UNDERSTANDING AND LEARNING
Overview________________________________________
Movies play an important role in almost everyone’s life. People from the movie industry have considerable influence on the masses. They exhibit personality traits that deserve admiration and applause, and could be looked up to as role models. This unit will fully explore their best qualities.
The two texts in the current unit are biographies, a genre of literature, which is a written account of another person’s life. Each of the texts narrates, analyzes and interprets the most important facts of one prominent figure in the movie domain. Text A pays attention to actress Audrey Hepburn’s noble endeavor and her contribution to the cause of UNICEF, while Text B portrays the determination and fervent spirit of director and producer Steven Spielberg.
The teacher can make students do additional research at the library, or Audrey Hepburn and Steven Spielberg in advance. Then in the classroom, the teacher may organize a variety of activities including pair work, group discussion, and mini-survey to talk about the films or the issue of fame, fortune, and social responsibility.
Section A_________________________________________________ Audrey Hepburn-A true angel in this world
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1 Audrey Hepburn
Audrey Hepburn (1929-1993) was a slender, stylish motion picture actress known for her radiant beauty, her ability to project an air of sophistication tempered by a charming innocence, and her tireless efforts to aid needy children.
Although born in Belgium, Hepburn had British citizenship through her father and attended school in England as a child. In 1939, however, at the onset of World War II, her mother(Hepburn’s father left the family when she was six years old) moved the child to the Netherlands (where the author of this text mistakenly considered Hepburn was born), thinking the neutral country safer than England. Throughout World War II, Hepburn endured hardships in Nazi-occupied Holland. She still managed, however, to attend school and take ballet lessons. After the war, she continued to study ballet in Amsterdam and in London. During her early 20s, she studied acting and worked as a model and dancer. After appearing in several British films and starring in the 1951 Broadway play Gigi (《琪琪》), Hepburn gained instant Hollywood stardom for playing the Academy Award-winning lead role in Roman Holiday. She remains one of few entertainers who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards.
Hepburn’s war-time struggles inspired her passion for humanitarian work. She devoted much of her later life to UNICEF, visiting famine-stricken villages, in Latin America, Africa, until shortly before her death of cancer in 1993. She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of her work as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1992.
2 UNICEF
UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) was created by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II. After 1950 the fund directed its efforts toward general programs for the improvement of children’s welfare, particularly in less-developed countries and in various emergency situations. The organization’s broader mission was reflected in the name it adopted in 1953, the United Nations Children’s Fund, but it has continued to be known by the popular acronym based on this old name. Headquartered in New York City, UNICEF provides long-term humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries. UNICEF’s programs emphasize developing munity-level services to promote the health and well-being of children.
3 UNICEF Ambassador of Goodwill
Many celebrities have acted as international, regional or national ambassadors, depending on their profile, interests, and desired level of responsibility. The role of Goodwill Ambassador allows celebrities with a demonstrated interest in UNICEF issues to use their fame to draw attention to important issues. This may take the form of public appearances and talks, visits to troubled regions, and use of their political
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access to advocate UNICEF causes, all of which have the power to draw attention from the media and to create public awareness.
4 Gregory Peck
Gregory Peck (1916-2003) was one of the world’s most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s. He is best known for his performance in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird, which earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor.
In 1967 Peck received the Academy’s Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award. He was also in 1969 for his lifetime humanitarian effort. Always politically progressive, Peck was active in such causes as anti-war protests, workers’ rights and civil rights.
5 Billy Wilder
Billy Wilder (1906-2002) was an Austrian-born American filmmaker, screenwriter, producer artist, and journalist. His career spanned more than 50 years and 60 films. He is regarded as one of the most brilliant and versatile filmmakers of Hollywood’s golden age. During his career, Wilder gained 20 Academy Award nominations and won six Oscars. He received a lifetime achievement award from the American Film Institute in 1986.
6 Academy Awards
An Academy Award (byname Oscar) is an award presented annually by the American Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Science to recognize excellence of professionals in the film industry, including directors , actors , and writers. The award ceremony is one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world, and is televised live in more than 200 countries annually.
7 Hubert de Givenchy
Hubert de Givenchy (1927-,) is a French aristocrat and fashion designer who founder The House of Givenchy in 1952. He is famous for having designed much of the personal and professional wardrobe of Audrey Hepburn, as well as clothing for clients such as Jacqueline Kennedy. He was named to the International Best Dress List Hall of Fame in 1970.
Detailed study of the text
1 Audrey Hepburn thrilled audiences with starring roles in noteworthy films... (Para.1)
Meaning: Audrey Hepburn played leading roles in many extraordinary films, and such poles gave great pleasure to the people who watched the films…
★noteworthy: a. important or interesting enough to deserve your attention 值得注意的；显著的
One of the most noteworthy trends in contemporary American higher education is
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the tendency among munity colleges to offer certificate programs besides the traditional associate degrees.当代美国高等教育最显著的趋势之一就是社区大学除了授予传统的副学士学位，还开设学历课程。
2 Despite her success in the film domain, the roles she most preferred portraying were not in movies. (Para. 2)
Meaning: Although Audrey Hepburn was a successful actress, the role she most preferred playing was not being an actress.
★domain: n.[C] (fml.) an area of activity, interest, or knowledge, esp. one that a particular person, organization, etc. deals with (活动、兴趣或知识的)领域，X围，X畴
Recent research in the clinical domain has benefited 结合使用。
★portray: vt.
1) act the pare of a character in a play, film, or television program 扮演〔角色〕 It was said that Portman studied dance to better portray her character. 听说波特曼学习舞蹈是为了更好的扮演她的角色。 2) 〔~ sb. / sth. as sth.〕describe or show sb. or sth. in a particular way, according to your opinion of them把某人/某物描写成某种样子
Lawyers tend to portray their clients as misguided underprivileged youths.律师
往往将自己的当事人描述成受人误导的贫困青年。
3 She was an exemplary mother to her two sons and a UNCEF (the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) Ambassador of Goodwill serving victims in war-torn countries. (Para.2)
Meaning: She was an excellent mother to her two sons and also a UNICEF Ambassador of Goodwill providing services to people who were suffering from the destructions of war in their countries.
★exemplary: a. excellent and providing a good example for people to follow 模X的；可作楷模的
Mary had proven to be an exemplary educator to her students and a trusted and cherished friend to her colleagues. 玛丽对学生而言是一位模X教师，对同事而言是一位值得信任和珍惜的朋友。
★ambassador: n. [C] an important official who represents his or her government in a foreign country 大使
He was President Clinton’s energy secretary and ambassador to the United Nations.他担任过克林顿总统的能源部长和驻联合国大使。
4 ....Audrey Hepburn was aware of the brutality, death, and destruction of war. (Para.3)
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Meaning:…Audrey Hepburn knew clearly that war is cruel, violent treatment 野蛮行为；野蛮事件
The ruler’s brutality forced unarmed citizens to defend themselves. 统治者的野蛮行径迫使手无寸铁的市民进展自卫。
5 She was hungry and malnourished, as her family was bankrupted as a result of the invasion. (Para.3)
Meaning: Because of the Nazi invasion, her family became so poor heat she did not have enough food to eat and became ill as a result.
6 Audrey’s father abandoned the family, and two of her uncles were taken captive and killed. (Para.3)
Meaning: Audrey’s father ran away and deserted the family, and two of her uncles were arrested and then killed.
★ captive: a. kept in prison or in a place that you ate not allowed to leave 被关押的；遭监禁的
A teenage boy called 911, claiming to be held captive in a house. 一个十几岁的男孩拨打了911，声称自己被囚禁在一座房子里。
★ take / hold sb. captive: take or keep sb. as a prisoner 关押某人；囚禁某人 The guerrillas shot down one airplane and took the pilot captive. 游击队击落了一架飞机，并关押了该飞行员。
7 Audrey was grabbed off the street by Nazis and placed in line to be sent to a work camp. (Para.3)
Meaning: Nazis arrested Audrey on the street, and placed her together with other people to be sent to a work camp.
8 When the guards glanced away she darted away she darted off, barely escaping, and huddled in a cold, foul basement full of rats. (Para.3)
Meaning: When the guards took their eyes off her, she quickly ran away and escaped. Then she hid in a cold dirty basement full of rats.
★ dart: vi. move suddenly and quickly in a particular direction 猛冲；突进
A deer suddenly darted out into the street from inside the forest. 一只鹿突然从森林里冲出来，跑到街上来了。
★ huddle: v. lie or sit with your arms and legs close to your body because you feel ill, cold or upset (因生病、寒冷或烦恼)蜷缩着身体
The cat came inside from the rain and huddled behind the heater to warm up again.猫从雨中进到屋里，蜷缩在暖炉后面，好把身子暖和过来。
★ foul: a. very dirty, or smelling or tasting unpleasant 肮脏的；难闻的；难吃的
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The odor of smoke couldn’t hide the foul smell of the dirty room. 烟的气味也无法盖住这个脏房间难闻的味道。
9 The little girl who would bee the world’s most magical actress began as an anonymous refugee confronting life’s horrors and fragility firsthand, (Para. 4)
Meaning: Though now the most attractive movie star, at the very beginning, she was just an unknown person being forced to leave her country and directly face the terrible reality and an unstable life.
★anonymous: a. unknown by name 无名的；不署名的
We are also grateful for the generous gifts of three anonymous donors.我们也感谢三位匿名捐赠者慷慨的礼物。
★refugee: n. [C] sb. who has been forced to leave their country, esp. during a war, or for political or religious reasons 难民；避难者
A UN refugee agency spokesman says as many as 100,000 people have already fled the country, and more are likely to follow.一位联合国难民署发言人说已有多达10万人逃离了那个国家，后面可能还有更多的人要跟随其后。
★fragile: a. easily broken or damaged 脆弱的；一岁的；易损坏的
This great recession clearly demonstrates how fragile the markets are.这次经济大萧条清楚地明确市场是多么脆弱。
★fragility: n. [U]脆弱
Events like the senseless Colorado movie theater shooting remind us of the fragility of life and the value of every single day.科罗拉多电影院开枪滥杀这类事件提醒我们生命是脆弱的，每一天都是宝贵的。
10 But she refused to allow her spirit to be afflicted by the desperate reality of her young life.(Para.4)
Meaning: Hopeless as her young life was, she was unwilling to let the reality have a negative influence on her spirit.
★afflict: vt. (fml.) (often passive) affect sb. Or sth. in an unpleasant way, and make them suffer 使受痛苦；折磨
Afflicted by an unexplained illness, be missed school for the next two weeks.由于遭受不明疾病的折磨，他接下来两周都没上课。
11 Instead, she transcended those challenges but never forgot what it felt to suffer, to be hungry, alone and helpless.(Para. 4)
Meaning:Instead of being influenced by the hopeless reality of her young life, she overcame obstacles and was always aware of the feeling of suffering, hunger, loneliness, and desperation.
12 After the war, Audrey and her mother left Holland, arriving in London as poor
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immigrants.(Para.5)
Meaning: When the war was over, Audrey and her mother left Holland, moved to London with little money, and lived there.
★immigrant: n. [C] sb. who enters another country to live there permanently (外来)移民
A Chinese immigrant in New York works as a janitor and has a daughter at Harvard, a son at Yale, and another son at MIT.一位在纽约的华裔移民是个看门人，有个女儿上哈佛，一个儿子上耶鲁，还有一个儿子在麻省理工。
13 Her dream of being prime dancer drove her into a rigorous schedule at a famous ballet school.(Para.5)
Meaning: To realize her dream of being a leading dancer, she went to a famous ballet school to get a strict training.
★rigorous:a.
1)very sever or strict 严酷的；严厉的
To get a doctoral degree, you are required to have rigorous training in research and specialized knowledge in your subject areas.要想获得博士学位，你得在研究方面进展严苛的训练，还得有课题方面的专业知识。 2〕careful, through, and exact 严格的；缜密的；准确的
Many people believed in her healing powers, however, she could offer no rigorous scientific evidence that her treatment actually saves lives. 许多人都相信她的治病能力茫然而，她提供不了严格的科学证据明确她的治疗确实能够救人。
14 Later, she was spotted by a producer and eventually landed a role in the film Roman Holiday starring Gregory Peck, one of Hollywood’s top leading men.(Para.5)
Meaning: Later, a film producer noticed her, and she finally got a chance to play a role in the film Roman Holiday together with the great Hollywood actor, Gregory Peck.
Note land: vt. Get sth. that you wanted, esp. a job or opportunity 得到，获得〔自己想要的某物，尤指工作或机会〕
In his final year of college, he successfully landed a job on Wall Street with his unusual efforts.在大学最后一年，他异常的努力，终于在华尔街找到一份工作。
15 Soon, Audrey was transformed from a malnourished immigrant to an
internationally famous movie star. (Para. 6)
Meaning: Soon, Audrey grew from an immigrant who was physically weak because of not having enough food to eat to a world-known actress.
16 Director Billy Wilder plimented her,… (Para. 6) ★pliment:
vt. Say sth. nice to sb. In order to praise them 赞美；称赞
The manager pliments people as often as he can. It takes no time at all, but it
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makes a bog difference. 那位经理尽可能多地称赞别人。这花不了什么时间，但是效果却很好。
n.[C] a remark that shows you admire sb. or sth. 赞美的话；夸奖；称赞
She stared almost every conversation with a pliment. 她几乎每次和人交谈都是从夸奖开始。
17 Audrey felt that her most significant work was humanitarian work with those in need, and as the mother to her two sons.(Para.6)
Meaning: …Audrey thought her most important work was to serve people in need and to be the mother of her two sons.
★humanitarian: a. (only before noun) concerned with improving bad living conditions and preventing unfair treatment of people 博爱的；人道主义的
The hospital knew they couldn’t charge the patients any money, but for humanitarian reasons they provided their services. 这家医院知道他们不能收取这些病人任何费用，但是出于人道主义原因，还是提供了服务。
18 She suffered through two divorces and from her memories of the war.(Para. 6) ★divorce:
n. [C,U] the legal ending of a marriage 离婚
For her, it was huge risk and an act of courage to get a divorce. 对她而言，离婚有巨大的风险，是需要勇气的行为。
v. if sb. divorces their husband or wife, or if two people divorce, they legally end their marriage (与…)离婚
Why should two good people like her parents be forced to divorce each other?像她父母那样的两个好人。为什么还会被迫离婚呢？
19 Yet, Audrey never let her sadness overe her or jeopardize her hope for a brighter future.(Para.6)
Meaning: Yet, Audrey never allowed her sad feelings to conquer her or to spoil her hope for a better future.
Jeopardize: vt. (BrE jeopardise) risk losing or spoiling sth. important 危与；危害；损害
She held her tongue, realizing that anger could only jeopardize their relationship.她意识到生气只会损害他们的关系，于是保持沉默。
20 Friends said Audrey had a plete lack of ego and accepted and appreciated others as they were.(Para.7)
Meaning: Friends said Audrey didn’t have any sense of self-importance and she accepted and appreciated whatever others were like. Sentence structure NOTE
“as they are〞(as 此处用作连接词)是一个固定结构，通常用在句尾，表示“照现在的情形；照现在的样子〞，如果是单数事物如此需用“as it is〞。例如：
The wise person accepts things as they are.智者对一切事物随遇而安，处之泰 然。
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I learned long ago to face life as it is, not as I wish it to be.我早就学会了要直视现实生活，而不是只想去过我所希望的生活。
21 For Audrey it was a paradise where she could hide from the world with her beloved family, work in her garden and take long walks in nature. (Para. 8)
Meaning: Home in Switzerland was a wonderful place to Audrey, where she could escape from the world to spend time together with her dear family, work in her garden and take long walks in nature.
Paradise: n. [C,U]a perfect place or situation 乐土；完美的境界；天堂
If it is perfect for the adults, it is paradise for the kids.如果对成人而言这是完美，对孩子而言这就是天堂。
22 In 1988, Audrey was appointed a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF designed to provide emergency food and healthcare to children suffering the destruction of war or other catastrophes.(Para. 9)
Meaning: In 1988 Audrey was selected as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF, which was established to help children suffering from war or other disasters by providing them with food and healthcare.
23 In that role, her lifelong passion for helping those in need, found its greatest calling.(Para. 9)
Meaning: In that role, she found a perfect way to express her lifelong passion for helping those in need.
Note calling: n. a strong desire or feeling of duty to do a particular kind of work,
esp. work that helps other people(从事某种工作，尤其指帮助他人的)强烈冲动；使命感；天职
Some think teaching is a profession; but for me, it is a calling.有些人认为教书是一个职业，但对我来说，这是一个使命。
24 She turned down three million dollars to pen her autobiography and instead accepted one dollar a year in the more conscientious role as diplomat for UNICEF.(Para. 10)
Meaning: She did not accept an offer of three million dollars to write the story of her life, but accepted the demanding role as a UNICEF ambassador for one dollar a year.
Turn sb. /sth. down: refuse an offer, request, or invitation 拒绝〔建议、要求或邀请〕 We politely turned down the invitation.我们有礼貌的拒绝了邀请。
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conscientious: a. careful to do everything that it is your job or duty to do 勉励认真的，细心负责的
She was not only a successful doctor but also a fine mother and a conscientious daughter-in-law.她不仅是一位成功的医生，还是一位杰出的母亲、尽责的儿媳。
diplomat: n. [C] sb. who officially represents their government in a foreign country 外交官；外交家
This task takes the strategic skills of a general and the tact of a diplomat.执行这项任务需要有将军的韬略和外交官的机敏。
25 For seven months out of each her last five years, she and Robby left the peace and beauty in their cozy home to embark on outreach trips into some of the most difficult places on earth.(Para. 10)
Meaning : During the last five years of her life, she and Robby left their peaceful and beautiful home and spent seven years each year traveling to some of the most difficult places to provide help.
cozy : a. (BrE cozy) warm and fortable, and making you feel relaxed 温暖舒适的；温馨的
The sitting rooms are neat and cozy, while the dining room is elegant and simple. 客厅整洁温馨，餐厅简单优雅。
embark: v. go onto a ship or a plane, or put or take sth. onto a ship or plane(使)上船/飞机；〔使〕装船/飞机
The young couple will embark for Dalian next week. 这对年轻夫妇下周乘船去某某。
embark on/upon sth. : start sth.,esp. sth. new, difficult, or exciting 开始，着手〔尤指新的、有难度的或令人激动的事〕
I have seen how she gathers courage to embark on a long journey all by herself. 我见过她是如何鼓起勇气独自开始一段远途旅行的。
outreach: n. [U] the practice of providing help and advice to people in a munity before they have to ask it(对社区居民的)主动提供服务
An outreach program was started by the local university to help children in the munity perform better at school.当地的大学启动了一个面向社区的服务项目，旨在帮助社区里的孩子在学校表现更好。
26… Audrey Hepburn traveled representing UNICEF, making over 50 emotionally draining and physically dangerous missions into bleak destinations to raise world awareness of wars and droughts. (Para. 10)
Meaning: As an ambassador of UNICEF, Audrey Hepburn acplished more than 50 tasks that were not only emotionally demanding but also physically dangerous by
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going to harsh places to draw international attention about the bad conditions in countries that had suffered from wars and drought.
drought: n. [C,U] a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live 旱灾；干旱
Drought and economic recession accelerated the pace of the decline of the region. 干旱和经济衰退加速了这个地区衰落的步伐。
27 Having been a victim of war, she understood the blessing of being the beneficiary of food, clothing, and, most of all, hope. (Para. 10)
Meaning: Since she once suffered from the war herself, she understood how
important it was to be provided with food, clothing, and most important thing-hope.
beneficiary: n. [C] sb. who gets advantages from an action or change 受益者；受惠者
To Tom’s surprise, he was the only beneficiary of his uncle’s will.令汤姆吃惊的是，自己是叔叔遗嘱的唯一受益人。
28 Audrey felt it was wicked that billions of children were deprived of simple joys and drowned in overwhelming misery. (Para. 11)
Meaning: Audrey thought it was very bad that so many children were unable to have the necessary food and clothing that they should enjoy, but led a miserable life.
wicked: a. behaving in a way that is morally wrong邪恶的，缺德的
Ross not only had a wicked reputation, he even looked wicked.罗斯不仅名声恶劣，甚至看着就邪恶。
deprive : vt. (~sb. of sth.) prevent sb. from having sth., esp. sth. that they need or should have剥夺
Parents who deprive children of food are wicked, and their children may bee
malnourished.不让孩子吃饭的父母是恶毒的，他们的孩子可能会营养不良。
misery: n. [C,U]great suffering that it caused e.g. by being very poor or very sick痛苦；难受；苦难
Our happiness or misery depends on our dispositions, and not on our circumstances.我们的欢乐或痛苦是由我们的性情来决定的，不是有我们所处的环境来决定的
29 She believed deeply in the ideology that all people share in the duty to care for those in need. (Para. 11) Meaning:She strongly believed that all people have the responsibility to help those in need.
★ideology:n.[C,U] a set of beliefs on which a political or economic system is
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based,or which strongly influence the way people behave(政治或经济上的)思想体系；(对人们行为有强烈影响的)观念
It was more accurate to describe his explanations as an ideology rather than a science.把他的解释描述为一种思想比说它是一门科学更准确。
★share in sth.:take part in sth.,or have a part of sth. that other people also have 分享；分担；参与
Even though recently I shared in the care-giving duties,Mom had been doing it alone for more than a decade.尽管近来我也分担起照顾的责任，妈妈却已经独自做了十多年。
Audrey Hepburn was always ready to lead by example.(Para.11)
Meaning:At any time,Audrey Hepburn was ready to set a good example for others to follow.
★lead by example:show the people you are in charge of what you want them to do by doing it yourself以身作如此
Good parents lead by example rather than only tell their children what to do.好的父母会以身作如此，而不只是口头上 告诉孩子如何去做。 She said:\
Meaning:She believed that if someone does not treasure childhood,he will not truly get the meaning of life.
She saw UNICEF's work as an integral,sacred force in people's lives and said of UNICEF's results,\who doesn't believe in miracles is not a realist.\
Meaning:She thought UNICEF's work played an important and necessary role in people's lives and mented on the work by saying that we all should believe in miracles.
Meaning beyond words:The sentence \who doesn't believe in miracles is not a realist\suggests that many people at that time disregarded the work of UNICEF by claiming that it was not realistic and didn't help much in fact.On the contrary,in the eyes of Audrey,realists should believe in their strength to create miracles,and UNICEF's achievement was a good example.
★integral:a. forming a necessary part of sth.(构成整体所)必需的，必不可少的 These kinds of robots are on the brink of being an integral part of our everyday world.这些机器人即将成为我们日常生活中不可缺少的一局部。
★sacred:a.
1)very important or greatly respected很重要的；神圣的；深受尊重的
It is my scared duty to safeguard the territory of our motherland.保卫祖国的领土是我的神圣职责。
2)relating to a god or religion 上帝的；神的；某某(性)的
The cow is a scared animal in Hindu culture.在印度文化中，牛是一种神圣的动物。
In 1992,Audrey was stricken by cancer.(Para.12) Meaning:In 1992,Audrey was badly affected by cancer.
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★be stricken by/with:(fml.) be very badly affected by trouble,illness,unhappiness,ect.受灾；患病；遭损失
The Chinese Res Cross has sent five planeloads of relief supplies to the area that was stricken by the earthquake.中国红十字会已经派出五架装载了救援物资的飞机飞往地震受灾地区。
…Hubert de Givenchy,spoken to his cherished friend for the last time,just before she died.(Para.13)
★cherish:vt.
1)love sb. or sth. very much and take care of them well 钟爱；珍爱
I have retired parents whom I love and cherish.我父母亲已退休，他们是我所钟爱、珍惜的人。
2)think that sth. is very important and wish to keep it 珍爱；珍视
Right after I've put my son to bed, I turn off the TV,phone,and light,sit on my bed in the dark, and simply cherish the silence.把儿子一放上床，我就关掉电视、、电灯，在黑暗中坐在床上，享受这一片宁静。
He said she was \serene at the end because she knew she had achieved everything with perfection\
★serene: a. very calm or peaceful 宁静的；安宁的；平静的
The summer day by the lake in the countryside was serene and beautiful.乡下湖边的这个夏日宁静而美丽。
Even as her life ended at 63 years of age, she remained a gracious woman who perpetually signified simplicity,charity, charm and kindness.(Para.14)
Meaning: Till the end of her life, she had been a great woman always representing simplicity, charity, charm and kindness.
★gracious: a. behaving in a polite, kind, and generous way, esp. to people of a lower rank 有礼貌的；仁慈的；和蔼的；亲切的(尤指对较低阶层的人们) His gracious young wife greeted me at the door and invited me to have a seat.他年轻和善的妻子在门口欢迎我，并请我入座。
★perpetual: a.(usu.before noun) continuing all the time without changing or stopping 连续不断的；无休止的
For six months, in 2012, I lived in a perpetual state of fear of losing my job.2012年我有六个月都生活在担心失去工作的持续恐惧之中。
★perpetually:ad. 连续不断地；无休止地
He felt unsteady on his feet from lack of food, and he was perpetually thirsty.由于没吃食物他觉得脚步不稳，而且他一直口渴。
signify:vt. represent, mean, or be a sign of sth. 代表；表示；象征；意味着 The grades that students receive signify how well they did in their studies.学生们得到的成绩表现了他们学习的好坏。
The majesty of Audrey Hepburn's spirit of social responsibility and dedication lives on in her words…(Para.15)
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Meaning:Audrey Hepburn's sense of social responsibility and her dedication for helping those in need continue to exist in her words and inspire people around the world.
★majesty:n. [U]
1)the quality that sth. big has of being impressive, powerful, or beautiful 雄伟；壮丽；庄严；崇高
Crowds of people move about the campus in the hours before the game, marveling at the beauty of the grounds and the majesty of the buildings.赛前的几个小时里，一群人在校园内来回走动，对场地之美和建筑之雄伟大为叹赏。
2)(Your/Her/His M ~) used when talking to or about a king or queen 陛下(对国王或女王的称呼)
They sang a song for Her Majesty's birthday party.他们为女王的生日晚会唱了一首歌。
★live on: continue to exist and have influence 继续存在；流传下去
His legend lived on and was made into a popular film in 1973.他的传奇故事流传了下来，在1973年被拍成了电影，广受欢迎。
38“Remember,if you need a helping hand,it's at the end of you arms.As you get older ,remember you have another hand :The first is to help yourself, the second is to help others.〞(para.15)
Meaning beyond words:remember,
when you are in need of help,you should grow up,you should try your best not only to help yourself but also to help others. 39…“For beautiful eyes,look for the good
in others for beautiful lips,speak only words of kindness；and for praise,walk with the knowledge that you are never alone.〞 (para.15)
Meaning beyond words:To have beautiful eyes,discover the good in others people.Lips are beautiful only when they speak kind words.You will obtain confidence when you walk knowing that you are never walking by yourself.
poise：n.[U] a calm confidence way of behaving ,bined with an ability to control your feelings or reactions in difficult situations 镇定；自信；泰然自假如；沉着
Traveling around Europe by herself seems to have given Louisa more poise and confidence.
只身遍游欧洲的经历好似使路易莎变得更加沉着自信。 章节 Unit Four: Let’s go 23 / 44
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Section A: New Words and Expressions Text: The surprising purpose of travel 教学内容 Exercises: Vocabulary, Sentence Structure, Translation Listening, Speaking & Writing Skills 1.To talk about the surprising purpose of travel 2. To further understand the text; 教学目的 3. To apply the phrases and patterns; 4. To master thecause-effect essay writing skill; 1. Clearly know the structure of the passage; 2. Master the important language points; 教学要求 3. Briefly summarize the passage alone; 4. Correctly use and master the key words in this unit. 1. The structure of the whole passage discussed and the writing ways mentioned in this passage 2. The reading skills mentioned in this unit 3. listening practicing related to the contents learned in this unit 1. The use of the new words and phrases in this passage 2. The writing ways mentioned in this passage 3. Some important sentence structures 重点 难点 课 堂 设 计 Step 1: Lead-in The First Step 2: Pre-reading Activities Two Periods Step 3: New Words Step 1: Background Information Questioning Discussing Questioning 10m Discussing Lecturing, 80m Questioning Giving Examples Questioning 10m Discussing 10m & & & & The 10m Lecturing Second Step 2: Structure Analysis Two Lecturing, Periods Step 3: Language points and Difficult 70m Questioning & Sentences Giving Examples Questioning & Step 4: prehension of the Text A 10m Discussing 24 / 44
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Step 1: Summarize the passage orally 20m The Step 2: Exercises (Words in use, Word Third Questioning building, Banked cloze, Expressions in use, 70m Two Discussing Translation in Section A) Periods Lecturing, Step 3: Revision & Homework 10m Questioning Step 1: Check Homework The Step 2:Structured Writing Forth Two Step 3: Listening Periods Step 4: Speaking Questioning Discussing & & 30m 30m 20m 20m Questioning Watching & Discussing Listening & Questioning Questioning & Discussing 教 学 过 程 The First Two Periods: Step 1: Lead-in: 5. Write as many words related to travel as you can. 6. Try your best to list the reasons that people travel. 7. Your suggestions to a student who wants to have a trip but doesn’t have enough money for it. Step 2: Pre-reading Activities: 5. Listen to an introduction about Xi’an and fill in the blanks with what you hear. 6. Listen to the introduction again and discuss the following questions. Step 3: New Words The Second Two Periods: Step 1: Background Information 5. Where is Left Bank café? What features does it have? 6. What is Let’s Go?Give more information about it. 7. What do you know about Machu Picchu? Step 2: Structure Analysis Part I (4): The author gives us a vivid description of the imaginary travel experience, including how he struggles to get up in the early morning, how he gets to the flight gate after all trouble and how he finally gets stuck in the airport. Part II (Paras.5-8): We’re reminded of all that we don’t know, which is nearly everything; we’re surprised by the constant stream of surprise. Even in this globalized age, we can still be amazedat all the earthly things that weren’t included in the Let’s Go guidebook and that certainly don’t exist back home. Part III (Paras 9):The author warns us against pretending travel has no drawbacks and that we take great delight in the unpleasantness. The last sentence echoes the view that distance and difference are the secret cornerstones of creativity. 25 / 44
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Step 3: Language points and Difficult Sentences Practical Phrases 1. Be offset by sth. 由…抵消 2. On sale 廉价出售 3. Mingle…with… 与…混在一起 4. Endow…with… 赋予…〔天资〕 5. Be open to sth. 愿意考虑 6. More often than not 往往，多半 7. Be saturated with 充满，使饱享 Functional Patterns 1. Sb. almost do…before…and sb. do…, remembering that… 用于表达“某人受到暗示或提示后采取的行动〞。 2. Sb. do sth. because sb. like / dislike to, because….用于表达“某人喜欢/不喜欢做某事的种种原因〞。 3. According to research, sth./sb. do…, making /leading … 用于引证，表达“研究发现/结果明确〞。 Step 4: prehension of the Text A Understanding the text The Third Two Periods: Step 1: Summarize the passage orally Step 2: Exercises Words in use (Page 99) Word building (Page 100) Banked cloze (Page 102) Expressions in use (Page 102) Translation (Page 106) Step 3: Revision & Homework 5. Review the whole passage 6. Write a position of no less than 200 words on the topic: Stressful life for kids The Forth Two Periods: Step 1: Check Homework Step 2:Structured Writing Topic: Stressful life for kids Introduction: Thesis statement: Some parents tend to expect toomuch from their children. Body: Cause 1: The harsh reality Cause 2: The peer pressure Cause 3: Parents’ love for their kids Conclusion: To set reasonable expectations for the kids is no easy, but is worth trying. Step 3: Group discussion Suppose you are debating with your classmates. You want to show them why you choose to shop online. 26 / 44
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课后补遗
教学对象 Teaching Subjects 27 / 44
2015级大学英语本科 教学内容 Lesson Content Unit 5 When work is a pleasure word
课型 □理论课√理论、实践课□实践课 课时分配 6 教学环境 Teaching Environment 多媒体教室 教学目标 Teaching Aims After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to: 1. understand the main idea and structure of Section Aand Section B； 2. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the texts 3. talk about language teaching and learning and express their opinions about attitudes toward work; 4. read with the skill “finding key ideas in sentences〞; 5. write a parison / contrast essay. 1. Vocabulary degrade conform coincide designate esteem prone foster refrain addictive hurl 重点 Key Issues suffice apt simultaneous contend 2. Skills ● Learn to read with the skill “finding key ideas in sentences〞 and write a parison / contrast essay ●To talk about language teaching and learning ●write a parison / contrast essay. ●To apply the phrases and patterns 难点 PotentialProblems and Difficulties 教学方法 Methodology A bination of traditional teaching methods with the municative approach will be adopted. Special attention should be paid to classroom interaction like questioning and answers. Small group works are always needed while discussing the questions and the difficult translation practice.More encouragement is needed and more guidance will be given in their extracurricular study. Visual aids, projector, stereo and microphone 教具 Teaching Aids 教学分组 Teaching Groups Group work and pair work 课堂学习任务与活动的组织Conduct of Tasks and Activities 〔师生互动方式Mode of Interaction; 学习策略Learning Strategies〕 Students-centered Task-based teaching and learning 教学过程设计 Teaching Procedures 28 / 44
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步骤1Step 1 导入Lead-in I.Greetingand warming-up questions discussion. 1. What do you pay special attention to when looking for in a job? 2. What does work mean to you? 3.How is labor different from play? II. Listening and discussing. 1. Listening practice. 2. In your opinion, what are the three most important factors when you choose a job? III. Listening to a talk and answer questions on page 2 步骤 2Step 2课文学习Section A Will you be a worker or a laborer? I. New words 1.degrade:vt. treat sb. without respect and make them lose respect贬低〔某人〕；羞辱〔某人〕 The examination supervisor warned students not to degrade themselves by cheating on the exam.. 监考教师警告学生不要在考试中作弊，以免自取其辱。 2.conform: vt. (～ to/with) obey sth such as a rule or law遵照；遵守；服从。 The city has a few modern buildings in the central area which do not conform with the style of the city’s overall character.该城市中心区域有一些现代建筑跟城市的整体风格特点不相符合。 3.coincide: vi. (～ with) 1) (of ideas, opinions, etc) be the same or very similar 〔想法、意见等〕一样，相符，极为相似 Indeed, the Sates’interests may not coincide with those of the individual. 确实，国家利益可能与个人利益不一致。 2) (of two or more events) take place at the same time 〔两件或更多的事情〕同时发生 Her arrival coincided with our departure. 她到来之时正逢我们离开。 4.designate: vt. 1) (fml.) (～ sb/sth as) give sb or sth a particular name, title, or description 把…定名为；授予…称号；把…描述为 When residents wanted to designate the Elk River as a heritage site, the mines killed the proposal. 当居民们想把埃尔克河确定为文化遗产时，该提议却被众多的矿井给毁掉了。 2〕(～sb / sth as) formally choose sb or sth for a particular purpose任命；选定；选派 A will allows people to designate someone as receiver of their property when they die. 遗嘱使人们可以指定其去世后财产由谁继承。 5.correlate: v. (～ with) if two or more facts, ideas, ect. correlate or you correlate them, they are closely connected to each other or one causes the other〔使〕相互关联 Rising temperatures and the associated earlier spring snowmelt correlate with increasing amounts and size of wildfires in the western United Sates. 气温升高与其所导致的春季融雪提前与美国西部数量日益增多、规模日益增大的山火是有关联的。 6. prone: a. likely to do sth or suffer from sth, esp. sth bad or harmful 易于发生某事〔尤指不好或有害的事〕 Most children are prone to junk food. 多数孩子喜欢吃垃圾食品。 II. Useful expressions Practical PhrasesSpecific Meanings 1. sink one’s teeth into sth. 精力充沛地开始处理某事；专注于做某事 2. slave away 拼命干；苦干 3. contend with sth 必须处理，不得不应付 29 / 44 步骤 3 Step 3 word
III. Functional Patterns and Functions & Usages 1. What is sth. from the point of view of A is sth. else from the point of view of B. 用于表达“不同的人对待同一件事有不同的看法〞。 2. sb. hurl the passion into sth. or doing sth., be it… like/such as…, or…like/such as …用于举例说明“某人执着地做某事〞。 3. But while A is doing sth., B is doing sth. else. 用于比照“不同人不同的做事风格〞。 IV. Structure Analysis: Main idea of section A: this text centers on the topic of work – an indispensible part of individual live. By differentiating among work, labor and play, the text argues that interest and enjoyment in work are important for the benefit of both individual and society. Part I (Paras. 1-3) The introduction part, includes the first three paragraphs, providing a framework to differentiate among work, labor, and play. Part II (Paras.4-8) This part contains three major sections to support the author’s point of view. The first section claims that workers and laborers are different in their attitudehe second section elaborates that workers and laborers differ in the amount of satisfactionhe third section explains that in modern timesworkers and laborers spend theirleisure time in different ways. Para. II (Para. 9) The conclusion part summarizes that everyone has to find a job andearn a living, and that whatever job you choose, you must contend with this essential question: Will you be a laborer or a worker?. 步骤3Step 3 语言点Language points Detailed study of the text 1.In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the social indications around work, the value of work and salary, have degraded many laborers into modern slave –“wage slave〞. (Para. 1) Meaning:In a society where slavery, strictly speaking, has been put to an end, the social status of work, the value of work and the salary, have made many laborers bee modern slaves –“wage slave〞. 2.People are considered laborers if their job has an adverse effect on them, yet they feel pelled to continue working by the necessity of conforming to societal expectations and earning the revenue to support themselves and their families. (Para.2) Meaning :People are considered laborers if their job has a bad or negative effect on them, but they are forced to work because they want to meet the expectation of the society and earn some money to supportthemselves and their families. Notesocietal: a. relating to society or the way society is organized 社会的 In time, humans began to develop societal organizations that eventually would bee what we know as towns and cities. 经过一段时间后，人类开始形成社会组织，这些组织最终开展为我们所知道的乡镇和城市。 3.People are labeled as workers if their personal interests coincide with the jobs society pays them to do; what is necessary labor from point of view of society is voluntary play from the individual’s personal point of view. (para.3) Meaning: People are regarded as worker if their personal interests agree with the jobs society pays them to do; what is necessary labor from the perspective of society can mean voluntary play to a worker. Note The labor required in a job is voluntary play to workers because they show interest in it, enjoy what they are doing and find pleasure in it, just as if they were playing a game. 30 / 44 word
4. Whether a job is to be designated as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on whether the very person who does it has interest in it or not. (Para. 3) Meaning: Whether a job is to be considered as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on whether the very person who does it has interest in it or not. 5.To laborers, on the other hand, leisure means autonomy from pulsion, so it is natural for them to imagine that fewer hours they have to spend laboring, and the more hours they have free for play, the better. (Para. 4) Meaning:To laborers, on the other hand, leisure means plete freedom from what they are forced to do or what they have to do; so it is natural for them to think that it is better if they spend less time on labor and more time on play. autonomy: n. the ability or opportunity to make your own decisions without being controlled by anyone else 自主，自主能力 Genetic engineering may threaten privacy, kill autonomy, make society look and be alike, and destroy the concept of human nature. 基因工程可能威胁隐私，扼杀自主权，使社会千篇一律，并且破坏人性这一观念。 They are willing to give this district more autonomy, but not independence. 他们愿意给该地区更多的自治权， 但不会让其独立。 Note pulsion: n. the act of forcing or influencing sb to do sth they do not want to do, or the situation of being forced or influenced 〔被〕强迫，强制 Who would undertake such a difficult task without pulsion? 如果不是强制的话，谁会去承当这样一项困难的任务？ 6. On the other hand, laborers, whose sole incentive is earning theirlivelihood, feel that the time they spend on the daily grind is wasted and doesn’t contribute to their happiness. (Para. 5) Meaning:On the other hand, laborers whose only motive is making a living, feel that the time they spend on the boring daily work is wasted and doesn’t bring them happiness. incentive:n. sth that encourages you to work harder, start a new activity, ect. 刺激；动力；鼓励 My girlfriend’s interest in my job gave me an incentive, so I worked twice as hard. 我女朋友对我的工作的兴趣给了我动力，因此我加倍努力。 livelihood: n. the way you earn money in order to live 生计 It was the lack of basic livelihood that pelled the oppressed to fight for their survival. 正是由于无法维持根本的生计才迫使被压迫者为自身的生存而抗争。 7. Instead of valuing all 24 hours of their day as enjoyable and productive hours, they gauge only the time spent in leisure and play as meaningful. (Para. 5) Meaning:Instead of regarding all 24 hours of their day as enjoyable and productive hours, they believe that only the time that they spend in leisure and play is meaningful. gauge: vt. Make a judgement or guess about a situation, action, or person based on the information that you have 〔根据所掌握的信息〕估计，判断 If you want to gauge public opinion about the war, look at the local media coverage concerning the deaths of the soldiers. 如果你想判断舆论对这场战争的看法，看看丹迪媒体有关士兵牺牲的报道吧。 8. In recent decades, technological innovation and the division of labor have caused major economic changes by eliminating the need for special strenghth or skill in many fields and have turned many paid occupations with enjoyable work into boring labor. (Para. 6) Meaning:In recent decades, the improvements in technology and the division of labor have caused great economic changes. People do not need special strength or skill any more in many fields. Many paid jobs with enjoyable work have bee boring labor routine. 31 / 44 word
9. It is possible to imagine an uping society in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times was enjoyed by medieval aristocracy. (Para . 6 ) Meaning: It is possible to imagine that in a society of the near future, most of the people will have a lot of spare time, which would be similar to the amount of time for play enjoyed by aristocrats in medieval times. uping: a.(only before noun) happening soon 即将降临的；即将发生的 I feel very confident about the uping debate because I believe that I can defeat my opponent’s argument easily. 我对即将到来的辩论充满信心，因为我相信我能轻松波导线对方的观点。 10.Likewise, modern-day laborers with too much leisure time may find it difficult to refrain from the addictive and trivial pursuits of celebrity gossip, extravagant fashion, and excessive videogames and TV – similar bad habits that waste valuable time. (Para. 6) Meaning:Similarly, laborers of modern day, who have too much leisure time, may find it hard to stop doing such insignificant things as talking about private affairs of famous people, and spending a lot of money on fashion and too much time on video games and TV shows. These bad habits will equally waste valuable time. refrain: vi. (～from) not do sth that you want to do 抑制；抑制；忍住 international financial experts mitted to refrain from petitive devaluation of our currencies and decided to promote a stable and well-functioning international monetary system. 国际金融专家承诺不使我们的货币出现竞争性贬值，并决定要促进建立稳定完善的国际货币体系。 extravagant: a. spending or costing a lot of money, esp. more than is necessary or more than you can afford 奢侈的；挥霍的 How is she paying for her extravagant holiday with her modes ine? 她微薄的收入怎么能为她奢华的假期埋单？ 11. “Continuing education〞 or “experiential learning〞 can offer an array of classes from pleasant diversions such as sports, art classes or music to leadership development, advanced accounting skills or CAD (puter-aided design), to name only a few. (Para. 7) Meaning: “Continuing education〞 or “experiential learning〞 can provide you with a number of classes, which range from pleasant activities such as sports, arts classes or music to leadership development, advanced accounting skills or CAD, just to mention a few examples. array:n. a group of people or things, esp. one that is large or impressive 大群；大堆；大量 The center provides an array of services including surgery, rehabilitation and pain management. 该中心提供大量的服务，包括外科手术、康复和疼痛治疗等。 diversion: n. an enjoyable activity that you do to stop yourself from being bored 消遣；娱乐 we insist on requesting challenging activities even in our diversions, because without challenges, there can be no game. 我们坚持认为，即使是娱乐活动也要有挑战性，因为没有挑战，就无所谓游戏。 to name only / but a few: used after a short listof things or people to say that there are many more you could mention 略举几例 the international munity is also offeringassistance, including the United States, France and China, to name only a few. 国际社会也在提供援助，略举几例，如美国、法国和中国。 Note experiential: a. relating to or based on experience 与经验有关的；有经验得来的 Surprisingly, many parents feel they missed experiential music-making activities in their youth and want to learn about music in the way theirchildren are learning. 令人吃惊的是，很多家长觉得他们年轻时错了体验式音乐创作的活动，现在想以他们孩子学习音乐的方式去学习音乐。 12. Even purely mental work can suffice as an outlet, as aptly expressed by the “sinking one’s teeth into a problem〞 (Para. 8) Meaning:Even purely mental work can be enough for them to express and release their enthusiasm, as is well expressed by the phrase “sinking one’s teeth into a problem〞. 32 / 44
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步骤 5 Step 5 练习讲解Review & Exercises 1.Review 2.Oral presentation --- Reproduction 3. Exercises 4. Exercises 3,4,5,6,7 (Ss give answers and raise questions they may have and T explains the difficulties) 5.Exercises 8,9--- writing and translation. Assignments: 1) review Section A; 2) Exercises in Section B; 3) speed reading 步骤 6 Step 6 听力训练 Listening practice Assignments: 1) Story retelling in Unit 1; 2) Pair work --- practice model dialogs in unit 1 in the Listening and Speaking Book; 3) Preview the new words in unit 2; ――――――――――――――――――――――――――― 自我评价问题Questions for Self-evaluation: 1. Can I understand the text fully? 2. Have I memorized the new vocabulary and can I put them into use? 3. Do I understand better how to bee a successful language learner? 33 / 44
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板书设计 Blackboard Layout Background Information 1. 2. 3