文献翻译
英文译文
Key words: small paper high-rise residential reinforced concrete
frame structure
Abstract: along with the social economic prosperity, small high-rise buildings in our country is developing rapidly. Design thought are constantly updated. Structure system has become more and more diverse. Small high-rise steel reinforced concrete frame structure is more and more widely used in construction, small high-rise steel reinforced concrete frame structure design has a bright prospect of application. Our country has not been formed the corresponding standard, still need to do a lot of research work.
1 small high-rise steel reinforced concrete structure housing the basic structure of form
1.1 frame structure frame structure characteristics of large width, flexibility is good, the seismic performance is good, the cost is low, but because the column section partition wall thickness and cause greater than the column Angle, the influence of furniture decorate convex and beautiful, because sometimes in the residence of the room space irregularities and cause of the column to decorate.
1.2 a frame shear wall structure frame structure in the arrangement of a certain number of shear wall is a part of the frame shear wall structure. It is a small high-rise residence with the extensive application in a main body form. Its characteristic is planar flexible, applicability, reasonable structure, can make the frame, shear wall two have different deformation performance resist lateral force structure is very good cooperative play a role.
1.3 large bay multi-ribbed slab frame shear wall structure with the development of The Times and the improvement of people's living standard, originally built small bay is shear wall system in residential building function, the limitation of becomes
increasingly apparent. In terms of strength, from small bay in the role of the wall structure can't get enough of the play, and the excess shear wall decorate also lead to large earthquake force, increase the project expenses, moreover, due to the structure, it also increases the weight larger based investment, therefore, large bay multi-ribbed slab frame shear wall arises at the historic moment. Main wall of a room in an old-style house reached 4.5 m to 7.5 m, 7.5 m deep ~ 1 lm, indoor generally no bearing of horizontal and vertical wall wall, can according to the different requirements of household space, along with the family flexible change still can decorate afresh.
1.4 short shear wall structure short-shear walls (wall limb section height and thickness ratio is 5 to 8 of shear wall being in special-shaped columns) and general shear wall, because this kind of structure system between the building function, structure and investment efficiency, energy-saving index to good effect, has many aspects such as into small high-rise residential main structures.
2 small high-rise residential reinforced concrete structure design of the key points 2.1 level load gradually become reinforced concrete structure design of the control factors in low-rise residential, often is by gravity, as a representative of the vertical load control of the reinforced concrete structure design; And in residential building, although the vertical load of the reinforced concrete structure design still produces the important influence, but horizontal load will be the control factors. For a particular architecture, it is substantially the vertical load value; As a horizontal load of wind load and earthquakes, its value is with the dynamic characteristics of the different and there will be great changes.
2.2 axial deformation nots allow to ignore to the frame system or frame shear wall system of a small high-rise residential, framework of the axial compressive stress column are often more than side pillar of the axial compressive stress, and it makes column in the axial compression deformation is greater than the side columns axial compression deformation. When the house is very high, such differences axial deformation will reach a lot of value, the consequences of the continuous beam is equivalent to the middle, bearing produce subsidence of the continuous beam in the
negative moment of support among value decreases, and cross the value and bearings (bending moment in the negative moment value increase.
2.3 lateral be reinforced concrete structure design of the control index and lower houses, different structure lateral has become small high-rise residential reinforced concrete structure design of the key factors. As the height increases, horizontal load of the structure under lateral deformation increased rapidly, the structure of the vertex lateral general and housing height (H) is directly proportional to the four times. In the design of residential building, requires not only structure have the enough strength, but also have enough of lateral stiffness, make the structure in the horizontal load produced under the lateral control to a certain extent. This is because too much: (1) the lateral can make people uncomfortable, affect the normal use. (2) the big lateral will make partition, hatch and their senior wall facing material crack or damage, also can make the elevator to track deformation will not work. (3) the lateral too because P a train effect make structure to generate additional internal force, even for lateral and additional internal forces of the cycle of led to the collapse of the building. 2.4 structure ductility is reinforced concrete structure design is an important index of relative to the lower houses is concerned, residential building some more soft, the role of the deformation of a few. In order to make the structure in after the inelastic phase still has strong ability of deformation, avoid collapsed, the special needs in the tectonic take appropriate measures, to ensure that the ductility of the structure is enough.
3 small high-rise residential steel reinforced concrete frame structure design strategy 3.1 design optimization method at present, in the optimal design of the mature without analysis software, are mainly used small high-rise residential structure analysis software, the artificial analysis, using the conceptual design of the adjustment method for different selection of the structure and layout of constantly scheme analysis comparison, to get more ideal structure scheme, this is in the structural design of the most commonly used is also the most simple optimization, or optimization method. With the method of conceptual design scheme is more reasonable income, economic, although its FeiGong time-consuming, the quality of personnel to design the demand
is higher, but the design personnel experience on artificial optimization method is still the widespread use of the main method. For the same small high-rise residential program, can have many different structure (including foundation) arrange plan; Determine the structure arrangement in the residential building things, even in the same load cases are also different analysis methods; In the course of analysis design parameters, materials, load value is not the only; Residential building things the processing of the details of the same, and so on, is the problem the computer is now can't fully resolved, all need to design personnel your own judgement. And judgment in the structural design of the only under the guidance of general rules, according to engineering practice experience, this is the above concept design. Therefore, concept design exists in designer to DuoZhong alternative plan selection process. 3.2 performance analysis
3.2.1 seismic performance analysis to the structure system that enough the bearing capacity and deformation ability is two also need to meet conditions. Combined with the idea of design concept, the above two kinds of structural system analysis, the computer program can use Chinese construction science research institute of space structure of the finite element analysis software SATWE. In the structure design, structure has required not only enough carrying capacity, also requires the appropriate stiffness. The use of the high-level structure, functional and safety and the size of the lateral too closely related, the lateral deformation will make partition wall, maintenance and facing material crack or damage. According to consider the structures were 5% accidental eccentric and two-way earthquake force calculated the adverse circumstances of each structure system of displacements Angle, shear wall structure frame structure, but less than cut are less than standard requirement, and rich in large quantities, this means that two structure system to meet the rigidity requirement.
But use of performance, shear wall structure due to too much, since the Great Wall structure, leading to a large earthquake effect, concrete and steel consumption is higher; It also increases the foundation engineering investment, and limit the use of flexible architecture. And a framework of the shear wall structure characteristic is flat surfaces, strong applicability and flexible, reasonable structure, can make the frame,
shear wall two have different deformation performance resist lateral force structure is very good cooperative play a role. In a horizontal load, has a pure framework and pure shear wall structure is more beneficial level deformation. By the use of flexible framework free space, easy to meet different requirements of building function; At the same time shear wall has the quite big fight lateral stiffness, so that the box a cut structure has a good aseismic capacity, also greatly reduces the structure of the lateral. 3.2.2 economical comparison we through the three reinforced concrete residential structure calculation, and found that direct fee three reinforced concrete structure housing unit area are not directly fee, among them many short shear wall structure unit area of direct fee, a maximum frame shear wall structure unit area of the minimum, including direct fee short shear wall structure of the unit area than a direct fee frame shear wall structure of the unit of area, 12.5% higher than the direct fee, large bay multi-ribbed slab frame shear wall structure unit area of direct fee is 7.3% higher, large bay multi-ribbed slab frame shear wall structure of the unit area than a direct fee frame shear wall structure unit area of direct fee by more than 4.9%. Three kinds of reinforced concrete residential structure of the project cost the same basic secondary. Cost per unit area a framework of the minimum shear wall structure, a framework of the shear wall structure is the second smallest, and short shear wall structure is larger, three little direct fee structure system varies by largest 45 yuan/m2 yuan. 4 the end
With the development of our national economy and the people's living standard, the user to further improve the function of the house to put forward higher requirement, people want to a building in the use process have more flexibility to adapt to the demand of multi-function transformation. Therefore, the development of design unit to the unit design intent, \the society more design better products.
建筑外文翻译---浅谈小高层住宅钢筋混凝土框架结构设计策略
