Unit 4 Cultural Encounters
Key to the Exercises Text comprehension I. B II.
1. T; 2. F; 3. T; 4. T; 5. T. III.
1. “ snail mail ”.
2. “an essential stepping stone on the road to success
”.
3. “ theprofound relationship between language and culture that lies at the heart of society ”. 4. “the means to shape our views of the world
”.
”.
m'esntality
5. “to negotiate the boundaries between languages and to compromise in translation 6. “ touse linguistic skills, to think differently, to enter into another culture and to shape language accordingly IV.
1. The age we are living provides us with convenient ways to reach any part of the world.
2. It seems that everyone is able to always get in touch with anyone else if he or she can afford to. 3. is the most important to society. 4. This is a fundamental skill in today
's world, where different cultures interact. ”.
5. Lots of people are finding ways to interrelate different cultures. Structural analysis of the text
1. The last sentence of the 3rd paragraph:
“Most fundamental is the profound relationship
between language and culture that lies at the heart of society and one that we overlook at our peril. ” 2. Paragraph 4: The lack of an e
xact counterpart of the English word
“ homesickness ” in
other languages such as Italian, Portuguese, and German.
Paragraph 5: The problem of untranslatability which the early Bible translators encountered.
Paragraph 6: English and Welsh speakers make adjustments regarding the color spectrum in the grey / green / blue / brown range; The word “ democracy ”means completely different things in different contexts; the flat breads of Central Asia are a long way away from Mother 's Pride white sliced toasties, yet the word “ bread ” has to serve for both.
Vocabulary
I. Phrase practice
1. provided =as long as 假如,倘若
need never be out of touch =can never fail to be reached 从不会失去联系 2. regardless of =no matter 不管,不顾 3. overlook at our peril =fail to no tice at great risk 忽视 ... 的危险或风险
4. hovers somewhere in and around all those words =may be described by these words
to varying degrees
5. hit the problem of untranslatability head-on = were directly confronted with problem that
something in one language cannot be rendered into another II.
1. stepping stone; 2. at their peril; 3. serve; 4. mentality;
5. staple; 6. facilitating; 7. messaging; 8. hybrid.
III. Word derivation Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. economy 2. accessible 3. fundamentally 4. homesick 5. negotiable 6. adjusted 7. remoteness 8. complacently IV. 1. D; 2. C; 3. A; 4. D;
5. B; 6. A; 7. B; 8. C.
V. Synonym / Antonym
Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is
used.
1. Synonym: time, era, epoch 2. Synonym: meetings
3. Synonym: basic, fundamental
4. Antonym: misshape
5. Synonym: unavoidably
6. Synonym: worry, concern, anxiety 7. Antonym: hide, conceal
VI. Prefix Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in the given word.
1. unbelievable 2. imperfect
the
3. disagreement
5. malfunction
7. surpass
Grammar
4. misplace
6. enable
8. submarine
I. Complete the following sentences with the correct verb forms.
1. helps
2. hope; are enjoying; sunbathe; go; are going. 3. is being. 4. is typing 5. am not eating. 6. am reading 7. are always leaving.
8. go; belongs; wants; is using. 9. is boiling.
10. is putting; is rewiring; is building. II. Correct the errors.
1. is passing passes; is shooting shoots. 2. OK. 3. are crying. 4. OK.
5. am knowing know. 6. am gatheri ng
gather.
7. work T am working.
8. do T are; sneeze T sneezing. III.
thank; are dispatching; regret; have; are contacting; hear; enclose/are decide; have; are listed; regret; hope; enclose/are enclosing. IV.
1. a. The speaker is complaining; b. The speaker gives a fact. 2. a. am considering; b. have the opinion.
3. a. It suggests a permanent nature; b. It suggests a temporary behaviour. 4. a. is taking care of; b. have no objection to. 5. a. am waiting for; b. believe. 6. a. am waiting for; b. believe. V. Position of adjectives
Rewrite the following descriptions putting the adjectives in the correct order. 1. a large pair of red woolen socks 2. a powerful new white German car 3. a small rectangular grey Japanese radio 4. a big modern concrete office building
5. a medium size French stainless steel saucepan 6. a superb medieval rose-shaped stained-glass window 7. a prominent triangular red road sign 8. a tiny black and white Chinese dog
enclosing;