A. The Enclosure Movement B. The Industrial Revolution C. The Religious Reform D. The Enlightenment
10. The literature of the Enlightenment in England mainly appealed to the ____ readers.
A. aristocratic B. middle class C. low class D. intellectual 11. ____ is a great classicist but his satire is not always just. A. Steele B. Milton C. Addison D. Pope
12. The main literary stream of the 18th century was ____ . What the writers
described in their works were mainly social realities.
A. romanticism B. classicism C. realism D. sentimentalism
13. The 18th century was the golden age of the English ___. The novel of this period
spoke the truth about life with an uncompromising (unbending) courage. A. drama B. poetry C. essay D. novel
14. In 1704, Jonathan Swift published two works together, ____ and ___, which
made him well-known as a satirist.
A. A Tale of Tub B. Bickerstaff Almanac C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The Battle of the Books
15. In a series of pamphlets Jonathan Swift denounced the cruel and unjust treatment
of Ireland by the English government. One of the most famous is ____. A. Essays on Criticism B. A Modest Proposal C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The Battle of the Books
16. “Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style.” This
sentence is said by ____, one of the greatest masters of English prose. A. Alexander Pope B. Henry Fielding C. Jonathan Swift D. Daniel Defoe
17. _____’s best-known pamphlet was The Trueborn Englishman—A Satire, which
contained a caustic exposure of the aristocracy and the tyranny of the church. A. Alexander Pope B. Henry Fielding C. Jonathan Swift D. Daniel Defoe
18. Henry Fielding’s first novel ____ was written in connection with Pamela of
Samuel Richardson. But after the first 10 chapters, Henry Fielding became so interested and absorbed in his own hovel as to forget his original plan of ridiculing Pamela.
A. Tom Jones B. Joseph Andrews C. Jonathan Wild D. Amelia
19. ____ the first important work by Tobias Smollett, is based on his own experience
as a naval doctor and in part autobiographical. A. Roderick Random B. Humphry Clinker
C. Peregrine Pickle D. A Sentimental Journey
20. From the character Mr. Malaprop, in ___ by Richard Brinsley Sheridan, is
derived the term “malapropism” which means a ridiculous misusage of big words.
A. The Rivals B. The School for Scandal C. The Beggar’s Opera D. The London Merchant
21. Which of the following periodicals is edited by Samuel Johnson? _____.
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A. The Review B. The Tatler C. The Rambler D. The Bee 22. Which of the following works are not written by Oliver Goldsmith? ____.
A. The Traveller B. The Deserted Village C. The Vicar of Wakefield D. The School for Scandal
23. Which of the following works is written by Edward Gibbon?______.
A. The School for Scandal B. She Stoops to Conquer
C. The Good-natured Man D. The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 24. The sentence of “The plowman homeward plods his weary way, /And leaves the
world to darkness and to me” is written by ____. A. William Cowper B. George Crabbe C. Thomas Gray D. William Blake 25. ______ is not written by William Blake.
A. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell B. Songs of Experience C. Auld Lang Syne D. Poetical Sketches
26. “In seed time learn, in harvest teach, in winter enjoy.” This proverb is cited from
William Blake’s _____.
A. Songs of Experience B. Songs of Innocence C. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell D. Poetical Sketches
27. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties,
______, which were satirized by Jonathan Swift in his Gulliver’s Travels. A. the Whigs and the Tories
B. the senate and the House of Representatives C. The upper House and lower House
D. the House of Lords and the House of Commons
28. ____ found its representative writers in the field of poetry, such as Edward Young
and Thomas Gray, but it manifested itself chiefly in the novels of Lawrence Sterne and Oliver Goldsmith.
A. Pre-romanticism B. Romanticism C. Sentimentalism D. Naturalism 29. _____ compiled the A Dictionary of the English Language which became the
foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries. A. Ben Johnson B. Samuel Johnson C. Alexander Pope D. John Dryden
30. Which of the following novels is not epistolary (written in letter form) novels?
A. Clarissa Harlowe B. Pamela C. Sir Charles Grandison D. Tomes Jones
31. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?
A. She Stoops to Conquer B. The Rivals
C. The School for Scandal D. The Conscious Lovers
Key to the multiple choices:
1-5 CADAD 6-10 CBCDB 11-15 DDDDB 16-20 CDBAA 21-25 CDDCC 26-31 CACBDC
Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks.
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The essays in Steele’s The Tatler were written in the form of ______ style. Steele’s appeal was made to the ____classes.
The purpose of Addison and Steele’s ideas expressed in The Spectator is ______. _____ is the most striking feature in The Spectator.
Addison and Steele developed the form of letter writing to the verge of the _____ novel.
6. Humor, intimacy and elegance shown in The Tatler and The Spectator essays have become the striking features of the English _____. 7. Essay on Criticism is a ______poem. 8. The Dunciad is ______a poem.
9. English enlighteners believed in the _____.
10. English enlighteners believed that social problems could be dealt with by ____. 11. Blake attacks religious ______in the poem, A Little Boy Lost.
12. Burns’s poems like The Jolly Beggars are characterized by humor and _____. 13. Sheridan’s The School for Scandal has been called a great comedy of _____,
giving a brilliant portrayal and a biting satire of English high society.
14. Sameul Johnson’s ______ also marked the end of English writers’ reliance on the
patronage of noblemen for support.
15. Samuel Richardson’s first novel, Pamela, is the first _____novel in English
literature.
16. Tobias Smollett, a good humorist, used the form of _____ novel. His humor is
better shown in Humphrey Clinker than anywhere else.
17. In describing Robinson’s life on the island, Defoe glorifies human _____. 18. Fielding thought that the stage should be the school of _____.
19. The chapter of “On Hats” in Fielding’s Jonathan Wild is full of satire and ______. 20. Laurence Sterne belonged to the school of those writers who were versed in the
“knowledge of _____.”
Key to the blanks: 1. conversational 11. persecution 2. middle 12. lightheartedness 3. social reform 13. manner 4. Character sketch 14. A Dictionary of English Language 5. epistolary 15. epistolary 6. familiar essay 16. picaresque 7. didactic 17. labor 8. satirical 18. morality 9. power of reason 19. symbolism 10. human intelligence 20. Heart
Ⅳ. Say true or false.
1. Addison’s The Spectator was published three times a week, having one essay for each issue.
2. Addison’s chief contribution to literature lies in his essays written for The Tatler
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and The Spectator.
3. The essays published in The Tatler deal with the current topics of the time which treated in a serious manner.
4. The character sketches in The Spectator are the forerunner of the English novel. 5. Steele’s translations of Humor’s works are done in heroic couplet. 6. Isaac Bickerstaff is the major character of The Spectator.
7. The 18th century was an age of poetry. A group of excellent prose writers, such as Jonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, were produced.
8. Novel writing made a big advance in the 18th century. The main characters in the novels were no longer common people, but the kings and nobles.
9. The 19th century produced the first English novelists, who fall into two groups: the sentimentalist novelists and the realist novelist.
10. In the poems of Edward Young and Thomas Gray, sentimentalism found its fine expression.
11. A Tale of a Tub is mainly an attack on pedantry in the literary world of the time, in which the reader is told the story of the Bee and the Spider.
12. Tobias Smollett gives a true picture of the evils in the British navy in the novel of Roderick Random, in which Random, like Smollett, is a Scot and a doctor.
13. The two most important of all Samuel Johnson’s literary works are the preface and comments of individual plays in his edition of Shakespeare, and his Lives of Poets, which pass judgment on a century of English poetry.
14. Classicism turned to the countryside for its material, so is in striking contrast to sentimentalism, which had confined itself to the clubs and drawing-rooms, and to the social and political life of London.
15. Robert Burns is remembered mainly for his songs written in the English dialect on a variety of subjects.
16. In The School for Scandal, Sheridan contrasts two brothers, Joseph Surface and Charles Surface.
17. My Heart’s in the Highlands is one of the best known poems written by Robert Burns in which he pored his unshakable love for his homeland. 18. Racial discrimination is expressed in Blake’s “The Little Black”. 19. Many of Goldsmith’s poems were put to music.
20. Pre-romanticism is ushered by Burns and Blake and represented by Percy, Macpherson and Chatterton.
Key to the True/False statements: 1. F (one time a day) 2. T
3. F (light and pleasant manner) 4. T
5. F(Pope’s ) 6. F (The Tatler) 7. F (prose)
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8. F (nobles; common people) 9. F (18th ) 10. T
11. F ( The Battle of the Books) 12. T 13. T
14. F ( Sentimentalism; classicism) 15. F ( Scottish) 16. T 17. T 18. T
19. F (Burns’s)
20. F ( Percy, Macpherson and Chatterton; Burns and Blake)
Ⅴ. Questions
1. Comment on the English classicists in the 18th century. 2. Comment on The Spectator.
Part Five Romanticism in England
Ⅰ. Choose the right answer.
1. Romanticism fights against the ideas of ______.
A. realism B. Renaissance C. Enlightenment D. feudalism 2. The main literary stream is ____.
A. poetry B. novels C. prose D. periodicals 3. ____ has a another name called “The Daffodils”.
A. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” B. “Tintern Abbey”
C. “Revolution” D. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” 4. Coleridge’s _____ is a “conversation” poem.
A. Frost at Midnight B. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” C. Christabel D. Biographia Literaria
5. Byron’s ____ is regarded as the great poem of the Romantic Age.
A. Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage B. Hours of Idleness C. Lara D. Don Juan 6. Prometheus Unbound is ____ masterpiece.
A. Wordsworth’s B. Byron’s C. Shelley’s D. Keats’ 7. ____ lived the longest life.
A. Wordsworth B. Byron C. Shelley D. Keats 8. Keats’ first poem is ____.
A. O Solitude B. On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer C. Poems D. Endymion 9. Keats’ best ode is ____.
A. “On a Grecian Urn” B. “To Autumn”
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英国文学史习题全集（含答案）
