19秋期末复习卷
Part I. Vocabulary & Structure (30%)
Directions: Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.
1. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses ______.
A. in between B. among them C. far apart D. from each other
2. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _________.
A. stand up to B. put up with C. come up with D. make up for 3. Some fish have a greater ________ for acid water than others.
A. tolerance B. resistance C. dependence D. persistence
4. Many scientists have been _________ the goal of a practical and economical way to use sunlight to split water molecules.
A. pursuing B. chasing C. reaching D. winning
5. I have no formal clothes for the occasion. Perhaps I can get _________ in a dark suit?
A. through B. by C. at D. off
6. The money I get from teaching the piano is a useful _________ to my ordinary income.
A. implement B. complement C. supplement D. compliment 7. The _________ consists of Mr. and Mrs. Smith, their son and two daughters.
A. house B. household C. home D. housing 8. He never talks to me _________ to ask for something.
A. besides B. aside from C. apart from D. other than 9. I _________ my grant by working in the evenings.
A. compliment B. complement C. supplement D. implement 10. _________ my point I have done a comparative study.
A. Illustrating B. To illustrate C. Having illustrated D. Being illustrated
11. It can said without exaggeration that no part of the United States is not easily accessible by car, by
train, or by air, and ____ by all the three of them. A. more often than B. more often than not C. no more often than D. less often than
12. While freshmen are considered part of the academic elite(精英), some of them appear to lack
common sense ____ following traffic regulations. A. coming to B. when coming to C. when it comes to D. when they come to
13. Dangerous animals such as bears and wolves can be ____ by lighting a fire when you go camping in
a virgin forest. A. kept in hand B. kept at bay C. kept in touch D. kept in mind 14. As she matured as an artist, she ____ realize that “all artists are a product of their culture”.
A. came to B. kept to C. took to D. went to
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15. He always uses the same ____ of lies to cheat strangers.
A. number B. flock C. group D. web
16. Many European countries ____ all alliance(同盟) against Hitler’s military invasion.
A. passed for B. forged C. compelled D. authorized
17. Because of the mad cow disease, the European Union ____ a worldwide ban on British beef and
beef product exports. A. challenged B. charged C. forged D. imposed 18. The ancient tribes there are supposed ____ from the mainland to the island.
A. to move B. to be moving C. to have moved D. to have been moving
19. Bicycle riders want the city government to set aside special lanes(行车道) for bicycles on some of
the main streets, but though they have got some supporters, ____ likes the idea. A. everyone B. not everyone C. no one D. someone
20. On Children’s Day, our nieces and nephews were taken to the department store and then ____ to
pick their favorite toys. A. set out B. let alone C. brushed aside D. turned loose
21. Even when the houses are exactly ____, as they are in many housing developments, cluster planning
adds interest and variety to the scene. A. likely B. alike C. alive D. same
22. What I have said about this person ____ anyone else when I find trespassing(非法侵入) on my land.
A. stands for B. speaks for C. goes for D. struggles for
23. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or
incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well that it has been ____ in other countries, too.
A. adapted B. taken C. adopted D. imported 24. Lack of employment outside the home tends to make women ____ to depression.
A. vulnerable B. immune C. indifferent D. sensitive
25. Success in anything will not just happen. ____ your abilities and skill mastery, you will need to
manage your time efficiently in order to succeed in college. A. Regardless of B. Because of C. Instead of D. Proud of
26. The long war that broke out in 1861 make the country suffer a lot and thus ____ its wealth.
A. dismissed B. dissolved C. deduced D. diminished
27. To protect the environment, scientists and engineers are researching ways to ____ electricity more
cheaply from such renewable energy sources as the wind and sun. A. generate B. manufacture C. construct D. transform 28. I don’t think the young children will really ____ the foreign travel.
A. evaluate B. calculate C. appreciate D. formulate
29. In this part of the city you have to keep your ____ about you all the time when you are driving.
A. eyes B. wits C. minds D. brains
30. For traditional Chinese painters, fame and fortune come late, and it is ____ for artists to hold their
first exhibitions when they are over seventy years old. A. hardly common B. less frequent C. not unheard of D. just usual
Part II. Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage One:
Comets orbiting a distant star have been found to contain water, the first time the ingredient considered key to life has been discovered in objects circling a star other than our sun.
The discovery adds weight to the theory that other planetary systems may be similar to our own and may contain chemicals that are essential to the formation of life as we know it.
Scientists have no way of knowing whether life ever existed on any comets or planets orbiting this particular star, known as CW Leonis and located some 30,000 trillion miles from Earth in the constellation Leo.
But they are certain that no life can exist there now. That is because as it burns out the last of its nuclear fuel, the star has swelled the increased in luminosity(亮度), engulfing nearby objects and melting comets in orbits as distant as Neptune is from the sun – releasing the water that astronomers spotted using a radio telescope in other space.
“Ironically, the existence of these bodies is measured through their destruction.” Said Gary Melnick, chief scientist on the project and an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Mr. Melnick said the discovery was of particular importance because if there was a reservoir of water farther from the star, there could have been water closer to the star, supporting the idea that life may have existed outside our solar system. “Comets are believed to have helped build life on Earth,” Mr. Melnick and other scientists said. Besides bringing water to the oceans, they are also thought to have transported important chemicals as they hurtled through Earth’s atmosphere in past eons (极漫长的时期). 1. It is founded that ____ contain(s) water.
A. moon B. Mars
C. certain comets D. Neptune
2. The findings supported the theory that ____.
A. there must be life on other planets
B. other planetary system may contain some vital chemicals C. comets always end up burning
D. great energy is released when comets are melting
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3. Water is generated ____.
A. when the star melts comets B. when the comet is engulfed C. in the big bang
D. before the star burns out the last of its nuclear power
4. According to the passage, the scientists used a radio telescope ____.
A. to observe the burning of the star B. to witness the orbiting of the comet
C. to discover the water released by the comets
D. to measure the extent to which the star is destructed 5. Mr. Melnick will most probably disagree that ____.
A. life may have existed outside our solar system B. comets have helped built CW Leonis
C. it has been proved that there is some water close to the star D. water can be found on bodies other than earth Passage Two:
Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause ling cancer in people who do not smoke. Nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people’s cigarettes. This is secondhand smoke. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that about fifty-three thousand people die in America each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.
The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals harm a nonsmoker’s health. Recently, though, scientists expressed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies. As a matter of fact, almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not. For example, we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants, hotels and other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas, smoke flows in from the area where smoking is permitted.
It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke. In America, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. Research shows that these children are sick more often than the children who live in homes where no one smokes. The damaging effects of secondhand smoke on children also continue as thy grow up. The children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as the children of nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for the children who live in homes where both parents smoke.
6. It can be inferred that about fifty-three thousand people die in American ____.
A. because of smoking B. though they don’t smoke C. because their parents smoke D. though their parents don’t smoke
7. Nonsmokers get harmed by smokers ____.
A. because of the poisonous smoke they breathe in B. if they live together
C. when there is no nonsmoking area in the public utilities
D. though the poisonous chemicals contained in the smoke don’t harm them 8. Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A. Nonsmokers may be passively involved in secondhand smoking. B. Nonsmokers may die of secondhand smoking.
C. We all, more or less, suffer from secondhand smoking.
D. Secondhand smoking is even more harmful than smoking itself.
9. Which of the following is not listed as a negative effect imposed by secondhand smoking on
children?
A. They are sick more often.
B. They are more likely to develop mental disease. C. It will influence their future life.
D. They are more likely to develop lung cancer.
10. Which group of children suffer from secondhand smoking to the greatest extent?
A. Children under the age of five living in homes with no smokers.
B. Children under the age of five living in homes with one parent smoking. C. Children under the age of five living in homes with two parents smoking. D. Children under the age of five living away from their parents. Passage Three:
Academy Award nominees who go home empty-handed may not have a shiny Oscar to showoff, but they may turn out to be the biggest winners in the game of life. According to a study published in British Medical Journal, Oscar-winning screenwriters are more successful, more productive, and more respected than losing nominees; however, they die sooner by about four years.
“Because success is usually linked to better health, this is the first occupation whose success is not associated with improved longevity,” says Donald Redelmeier, lead author of the study. Researchers tracked down information about every person who was ever nominated for an Oscar since the awards were first handed out decades of years ago.
To explain the puzzling findings, he offers two theories. The first is the “work-to-death hypothesis”. According to Redelmeier, screenwriters are more apt to lead unhealthy lifestyles, meaning they smoke more, exercise less, and work a lot of late-night hours, which translates into not enough sleep.
Screenwriters don’t have a boss to report to, which brings into account Redelmeier’s second explanation, the “party-heavy hypothesis”. “When you become a successful screenwriter, you gain status without daily accountability, and as a consequence your success may lead you to more alcohol, more parties, and more obesity,” he says.
11. The example given in the first paragraph implies that the losing Oscar nominees may ____.
A. live longer than Oscar winners
B. make greater success in their careers
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C. have happier families
D. work harder than Oscar winners
12. According to the passage, it is ____ that ruins the Oscar winners’ health.
A. Success B. Hard work
C. Unhappy family life D. Worry about the future
13. According to the “work-to-death hypothesis”, Oscar-winning screenwriters ____.
A. just dwell on their fame B. don’t work very hard C. develop some bad habits D. become workaholics
14. In the “party-heavy hypothesis”, “heavy” refers to ____.
A. heavy load on the mind B. heavy piles of writings C. too oily food
D. becoming overweight
15. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Oscar-winning screenwriters are more famous than the losers. B. Success will always lead to better health and better life.
C. Researchers made a survey on all Oscar nominated screenwriters. D. Oscar is harmful to its winners’ health. Passage Four：
When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses. What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? People who are international business or government officials, foreign students, airline workers, young married couples --- people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another. They save a lot of trouble and the cost of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new homes. Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy.
One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture so much that they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things. But usually people don’t like to tell others about it. The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think.
16. Which of the following has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses?
A. Selling home furnishings. B. Renting furnished apartments. C. Selling used furniture. D. Renting home furnishings.
17. Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?
A. Because the furniture they get in this way is new. B. Because it saves them a lot of money.
C. Because it saves them much trouble and money.
D. Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way. 18. What can you infer from the passage?
A. The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.
B. Renting furniture is not popular in the couple’s home town. C. Only those who don’t have enough money rent furniture. D. People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented. 19. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. rent or Buy? B. A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings C. Furnished Apartments D. A New Idea
20. Young people liked renting home furniture in that _______.
A. They have less money. B. They don’t want to buy old furniture. C. The new furniture is of good quality.
D. They don’t have much money and don’t want to buy the cheap furniture.
Part III. Cloze (20%)
The expression “lame duck”, can be heard in almost any American town or city, especially where people discuss politics. Most often, they use it to __1__ a politician who has come to the end of his power – a Congressman, for example, who has a few more weeks in office and will __2__ be out of a job.
There are a number of ideas __3__ where “lame duck” came from, __4__ the picture is clear enough – a duck that has had its wings clipped, or its web-feet injured, and can __5__ walk or waddle like a healthy one.
The term seems to have crept into the American language some time after the __6__ war of 1861 – 1865. One explanation is that it came from the language of hunters who felt that it was foolish to __7__ powder or time on a dead duck. And a lame duck – even a sitting duck – is close to __8__ a dead duck.
Another explanation, however, says that the expression came __9__ England. There it was used to describe a man who lost all his __10__ in stocks, was cleaned out and could not pay his debts. He could do nothing __11__ waddle off like a lame duck. And – so the story goes – people showed __12__ mercy for the poor fellow.
But in the United States people took the phrase to describe a congressman who __13__ to get
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reelected but still had a little time left in office until his successor was sworn in.
In time, the expression was used in a broader __14__, generally describing any man __15__ days of power were coming to an end. It has often been used to describe the position of an American president in the last two years or so of his second __16__. It is a difficult time for him, when Congress is ready to __17__ him at every turn.
It may refuse to work with him simply because his days in the White House are numbered. __18__ sun is setting. It is not a happy time. It is like old age coming on. And people, like animals, are cruel to lame ducks, ready to __19__ them out. Their eyes already turned toward the new leader, the new man in __20__. 1. A. promote B. judge C. reward D. describe 2. A. then B. also C. thus D. already 3. A. on to B. above C. to D. as to 4. A. for B. since C. although D. once 5. A. usually B. no longer C. of course D. still 6. A. national B. world C. civil D. country 7. A. save B. waste C. utilize D. consume 8. A. be B. pretending C. being D. taming 9. A. to B. out of C. across D. from 10. A. money B. salary C. treasure D. property 11. A. else B. and C. but D. besides 12. A. much B. little C. their D. some 13. A. used B. failed C. attempted D. was asked 14. A. sense B. zones C. range D. respect 15. A. when B. of which C. of how D. whose 16. A. term B. time C. substitute D. stage 17. A. identify B. lodge C. prefer D. oppose 18. A. His B. Their C. Its D. The 19. A. hold B. hint C. drive D. find 20. A. use B. command C. prejudice D. preference
Part IV. Translation (20%)
1．至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报刊杂志上文章的摘要。
2．在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方。 3．和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到全球经济危机的威胁。
4．因其再激发学生创造性想象力方面的出色表现，王教授获得了校长奖。 5．奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米。 ADAAB BCDCB BCBAB BDCBD
BCCAA DACAC
Ourhouse A in between
The destruction D make up for
Some fish A tolerance Many scientists A pursuing I have no B by
The money B complement The _________ consists C home He never talks D other than I _________ my C supplement
_________ my point B To illustrate It can said B more often than not While freshmen C when it comes to Dangerous animals B kept at bay As she matured A came to He always uses B flock Many European B forged Because of the D imposed
The ancient tribes C to have moved Bicycle riders B not everyone On Children’s Day D turned loose Even when B alike
What I have said C goes for Sweden has C adopted
Lack of employment A vulnerable Success in anything A Regardless of The long war D diminished To protect A generate
I don’t think C appreciate In this part A eyes
For traditional C not unheard of
Comets orbiting a distant CBACB Doctors believe that BADBC
Academy Award nominees AACDB When John and VictoriaDCBBD
The expression “lame duck” DADCB CBCDA CBBAD ADACB
至于这本杂志 When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from
many newspapers and magazines around the world.
在持续不断的 Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.
和大公司相比 Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.
因其再激发 Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence
in stimulating students' creative imagination.
奶奶想当然 Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.
1. 我们的计算机系统出了问题，但我觉得问题比较小。 We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2. 父亲去世时我还小，不能独立生活。就在那时，家乡的父老接过了养育我的责任。 My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my
upbringing at that point. 3. 这些玩具必须得在达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。 The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4. 作为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。 Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5. 至于这本杂志，它刊载了世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要。 When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many
newspapers and magazines around the world. 6. 虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响，但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战，克服危机。 Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can
face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 7. 在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方。
4 Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 8. 根据最近的网上调查，许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买电视广告中播放的产品。 According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying
products shown in TV commercials. 9. 看到卡车司机把受污染的废弃物倒在河边，老人马上向警方报警。 Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 10. 一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物的，因为他们能够提高产量，帮助发展中国家战胜饥荒和疾病。 Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help
combat hunger and disease in the developing world. 11. 无论是在城市还是在农村，
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因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。 The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural areas. 12.和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到全球经济危机的威胁。 Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones. 13.关于期末论文，教授要求我们先分析失业图表，然后对国家的经济发颤提供批评性的见解。 With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development. 14. 他从来也没有想到他们队会以大比分赢得那场篮球赛。 It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin. 15. 回顾二十年的中学教学，我把我的成功归结为耐心、才能和对只是的不断追求。 Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, talent, and the
constant pursuit of knowledge. 16. 红十字会派遣的志愿人员非常小心地对村里的饮用水进行消毒，以避免爆发瘟疫。 The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague. 17. 爱因斯坦用了多年时间师徒把电磁学理论和引力理论结合起来，但没有成功。 Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and
gravity but failed. 18. 因其在激发学生创造性想象力方面的出色表现，王教授获得了校长奖。 Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence in
stimulating students' creative imagination. 19. 因存在一些设计上的重大缺陷，董事会没有同意那个经济刺激计划。 As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package. 20. 乔丹意识到没人能给他帮助，终于得出结论他必须面对现实，独自接受挑战。 Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself. 21. 奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米。 Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice. 22. 我可以给你引用几个例子来说明她现身科学的精神。 I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science. 23. 20世纪80年代中国一些经济特区开始迅速发展起来。 The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China. 24. 两国关系的紧张部分是由最近的间谍事件引起的。 Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.
5 25. 彼得已在一家律师事务所当了多年律师。你可考虑请他做你的律师，当你需要法律援助时，由他代你行事。 Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help. 26. 这座红房子在参天古树的映衬下十分夺目。 The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky. 20 27. 我的新工作薪酬很高，但在其他方面我并不满意。 The salary in // for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied. 28. 两条溪流的水在我们村子附近汇合了。 The waters of the two streams mingle near our village. 29. 我们不应该嘲笑别人的宗教信仰。 We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs. 30. 这间房间的窗帘同家具的风格不太协调 The curtains of the room
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are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture. 31. 昨天半夜我听到脚步声在过道里回荡，心里害怕极了。 I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday. 32. 这些名牌运动鞋保穿12个月。 The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months. 33. 雪暴使交通运输陷入混乱。 Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder. 34. 我最近工作压力很大。我想去海边度假。 I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work altely. I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside. 35. 住公寓不错，但是有局限—比如说，没有自家花园。 Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations---for example, you don’t have your own garden. 36. 医学专家就克隆人是否应被允许以及对社会有何潜在影响展开了辩论。 Medical experts debated whether the cloning of human beings should be permitted and what its potential effects on society might be. 37. 当地百分之八十五的人拥有全职工作，只有百分之三的人称自己没有工作。 Eighty-five per cent of the people in the local area are in full-time employment; only3% describe
themselves as unemployed. 38. 我国相关部门将加快立法，保护农民工的权利。 The departments concerned in China will speed up legislation to protect rights of migrant workers. 39. 近年来一些心理学家试图从生物学的观点解释智力。 In recent years, some psychologists have tried to explain intelligence from a biological standpoint. 40. 世界金融危机对该国的出口工业产生了巨大影响。在仅仅六个月的时间里，许多工厂迫于情势而关门歇业。 The global financial crisis has had a huge impact on that country’s export industry. In no more than six months, many factories have closed down by necessity.
继续教育学院19秋夜大复习卷英语期末含答案
