翻译
一．填空题（共1小题）
1．（2011?株洲）第二节 英汉互译 阅读下面的短文，将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语． Rich or poor，young or old，we all have problems．（70） 我们应该学会怎样处理问题． We should learn how to deal with our problems．Here are some ways．
Firstly，we should learn to forget．（71） Sometimes we are/have been/get/become/feel/angry with our friends．/Something we may be mad at our friends． 有时我们会生朋友的气．Good friendships may be lost．Sometimes children have disagreements and decide not to talk to each other．（72） 然而，这种情况通常不会持续很久． However，this usually does not last for long．This is an important lesson for us：we can solve a problem by learning to forget． Secondly，we should regard problems as challenges．Many students often complain about school．（73） They have too much work/homework （to do）． 他们有太多的作业要做．They think the rules are too strict．Education is an important part of our development．As young people，it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge with the help of our teachers．
Don't worry about our problems．（74） 让我们面对挑战． Let's face the challenges． 【解答】70．我们应该学会怎样处理问题．We should learn how to deal with our problems．注意deal with 处理．
71．Sometimes we are/have been/get/become/feel/angry with our friends．/Something we may be mad at our friends．注意生某人的气用angry with sb．
72．然而，这种情况通常不会持续很久．注意last表示持续，并不能翻译成最后；for long意为时间很久．
73．They have too much work/homework （to do）．注意too much用来修饰后边的名词，much too修饰形容词或副词．
74．让我们面对挑战．注意face表示面对，不是身体部位． 二．阅读理解（共7小题）
2．（2018?株洲）In our daily life， much plastic package is used just once and then thrown away． According to a new study from the University of California， 9% of this is recycled， 12% is burnt and 79% goes to landfill． And because most plastic doesn't biodegrade， once
第1页（共10页）
it's in the ground， it stays there． （1）The study also shows that eight million tons of plastic waste are pouring into the sea every year．
Scientists have calculated the total amount of plastic ever made： 8.3 billion tons． That's as heavy as one billion elephants． And almost all of it has been made in the last 65 years． （2）每个人都应该参与拯救地球． Protecting the environment is protecting ourselves． If the environment is taken good care of， we can have clean water and green mountains． （3）绿水青山或是金山银山．
What can we do as students？ Just say no to single﹣use plastics like straws， cups and bags． Many people love to drink from a straw or use plastic to carry things， but they are really bad for the environment．
（4）Bring your own chopsticks if you're planning to eat outside． It can be hard to remember．
Just put a pair of chopsticks in your bag before you leave home．
You know you're going to need some water to get you through your day． So carry a bottle（or a cup） with you． （5）That will help you avoid plastic bottles． （1） 这个研究也表明每年有800万吨的塑料废物被倒进海里． （2） Everyone should take part in saving the earth．
（3） Clean water and green mountains are ，mountains of gold and silver．/ There are no place like clear water and green mountains．/ Clear water and green mountains are invaluable assets． （4） 如果你打算在外面吃饭，带上你自己的筷子． （5） 那可以帮助你避免使用塑料瓶．
【解答】1．这个研究也表明每年有800万吨的塑料废物被倒进海里．这是一个宾语从句，The study also shows这个研究也表明，是主句，后面是从句， eight million tons of 800万吨，句子翻译题．故答案为：这个研究也表明每年有800万吨的塑料废物被倒进海里． 2．Everyone should take part in saving the earth．句子翻译题．根据上下文可知用的是一般现在时，此处也应该是一般现在时，should应该，take part in 参加，后跟动名词．故答案为：Everyone should take part in saving the earth．
3．Clean water and green mountains are ，mountains of gold and silver．/ There are no place like clear water and green mountains．/ Clear water and green mountains are invaluable
第2页（共10页）
assets．句子翻译题．根据上下文可知用的是一般现在时，此处也应该是一般现在时，Clean water and green mountains 绿水青山，mountains of gold and silver金山银山．或者引伸一下，强调绿水青山的重要性．故答案为：Clean water and green mountains are ，mountains of gold and silver．/ There are no place like clear water and green mountains．/ Clear water and green mountains are invaluable assets．
4．如果你打算在外面吃饭，带上你自己的筷子．句子翻译题．这是if引导的条件状语从句，如果……．Bring your own chopsticks带上你自己的筷子． 故答案为：如果你打算在外面吃饭，带上你自已的筷子．
5．那可以帮助你避免使用塑料瓶．句子翻译题．avoid 避免，plastic bottles塑料瓶．故答案为：那可以帮助你避免使用塑料瓶．
3．（2017?株洲）How to realize your dream？Start by asking yourself what makes you happy．（61）Think about all the things that make you feel excited and happy in the past． You should think what you want，not what you should be doing．Create a personal mission statement（任务说明）．Mission statements aren't just for big companies 62．任务说明解释对你来说什么是重要的和你将去向何方．Write down your past success，the contributions you want to make to the world，and your short﹣term and long﹣term goals．
Reexamine your past goals．Try to forget the feelings of shame and regret．You are entering a new chapter of your life．It is important to examine your past experiences so that you don't repeat them，63．But it's also important to know your advantages in the past so that you can make them work for you in the future． Write down your dream as a goal．Take a look at every thing you have done﹣your happiness list，mission statement and experiences from the past．Now begin to set up a simple and dear goal from these materials．64．Try to explain your dream in simple terms，using just one sentence． For example，a clear one?﹣sentence goal might be：\each month so that I can take a nice vacation next summers\．
65．你应该永不放弃努力去实现你的梦想．For the future is full of the unexpected．
61． 想想在过去能让你兴奋和开心的所有事情．
62． Mission statements explain what are important to you and where you will go． 63． 但是知道你以前的优势也很重要，以便于你能让他们在将来为你所用．
第3页（共10页）
64． 试着只用一句简单的话解释你的梦想．
65． You should never give up and try your best to achieve your dream． ．
【解答】61．想想在过去能让你兴奋和开心的所有事情．句子翻译题，根据题干，that引导的定语从句，修饰things；think about思考；make sb+形容词，使某人…的；in the past在过去，故答案为：想想在过去能让你兴奋和开心的所有事情．
62．Mission statements explain what are important to you and where you will go．句子翻译题，根据题干，be important for sb对某人来说是重要的；where引导的宾语从句用陈述语序，主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态，…where you will go你将去何方，故答案为Mission statements explain what are important to you and where you will go．
63．但是知道你以前的优势也很重要，以便于你能让他们在将来为你所用．句子翻译题，根据题干，it is important to do sth做某事是很重要的；in the past在过去；make sb do sth使某人做某事；in the future在将来；so that引导目的状语从句，意思是\以便于…\，故答案为：但是知道你以前的优势也很重要，以便于你能让他们在将来为你所用． 64．试着只用一句简单的话解释你的梦想． 句子翻译题，根据题干，try to do尽量做某事；in simple terms简单的说；故答案为：试着只用一句简单的话解释你的梦想． 65．You should never give up and try your best to achieve your dream．句子翻译题，根据题干，should应当，表示建议，后加动词原形；give up放弃；try one's best to do尽某人最大努力做某事，故答案为You should never give up and try your best to achieve your dream． 4．（2016?株洲）阅读下面的短文，然后将画线部分的句子译成汉语或英语．
Learning has become my life habit．（66）I think learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new．I will leave the junior high school．（67）我坚持去我理想的高中．So I must study harder．
By studying hard I can write thousands of English words．At first Ididn't know many English words．（68）Like most students，I thought it was hard and boring to remember them all ．But there was an English word competition at out school．I picked up a dictionary and prepared for it．I tried to understand the meaning of each word first．It helped me remember them quickly． Thankfully，my father gave me a hand．（69）If he found some useful words，he would tell me in a special way ．It made the whole thing more interesting．
In the competition，I won the first prize，which made me really happy．This experience taught me to remember more English words．
第4页（共10页）
Of all the dictionaries，I like Oxford English Dictionary best．（70）我家里有十多本《牛津英语字典》．I want to recite the whole dictionary．I should never give up trying to achieve my dream．It is really difficult but I believe anything is possible if you study hard．
66． 我认为学习是一个终生旅程，因为每天都带来新的东西． 67． I insist on going to my ideal Senior High School．
68． 像大多数学生一样，我认为记忆这些单词是困难而无聊的． 69． 如果他发现了一些有用的单词，他将会以一种特殊的方式告诉我． 70． There are more than 10 Oxford English dictionaries in my family． ．
【解答】（66）英译汉．I think 为主句，后跟宾语从句，a life long journey 一个终生旅程．something new一些新的东西．故填：我认为学习是一个终生旅程，因为每天都带来新的东西．
（67）汉译英．坚持做某事 insist on doing sth．一般现在时．故填：I insist on going to my ideal Senior High School．
（68）英译汉．it is hard and boring to do sth．做某事是困难且无聊的．故填：像大多数学生一样，我认为记忆所有单词是困难而无聊的．
（69）英译汉．if引导的条件状语从句．in a special way 以一种特殊的方式．故填：如果他发现了一些有用的单词，他将会以一种特殊的方式告诉我．
（70）汉译英．采用there be 句型．一般现在时，more than超过．故填：There are more than 10 Oxford English dictionaries in my family．
5．（2015?株洲）You may know a lot about smart phones．But what about smart cities？ Imagine living your life like this：When you wake up in the morning，you say，\window\．（66）阳光照耀，鸟儿歌唱Then you finish breakfast and sit in front of your desk and begin to have classes through the Internet．（67）With the help of building a smart city，this may become true one day
A smart city uses digital technologies（数字科技）such as the Internet to improve city planning save resources and make our lives easier．For example，people live in smart cities，where there is Internet almost everywhere．（68）They can do many things at home such as booking train tickets and paying water bills．What a beautiful life it is!
（69）Now China is making some cities smarter．For exanple，Gulyang is going to build free
第5页（共10页）
2010-2018年湖南株洲市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细标准答案---翻译
