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圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 2015年4月全国自考《英语阅读（一）》真题及详解
课程代码：00595
I. CAREFUL READING
Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
The average population density of the world is 47 persons per square mile. Continental densities range from no permanent inhabitants in Antarctica to 211 per square mile in Europe. In the western hemisphere, population densities range from 4 per square mile in Canada to 675 per square mile in Puerto Rico. In Europe the range is from 4 per square mile in Iceland to 831 per square mile in the Netherlands. Within countries there are wide variations of population densities.For example, in Egypt, the average is 55 persons per square mile, but 1,300 persons inhabit each square mile in settled portions where the land is arable (可耕种的).
High population densities generally occur in regions of developed industrialization, such as the Netherlands, Belgium, and Great Britain, or where lands are intensively used for agriculture, as in Puerto Rico and Java.
Low average population densities, which are characteristic of most underdeveloped countries, are generally associated with a relatively lowpercentage
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www.100xuexi.com 圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 of cultivated land. This generally results from poor quality lands. It may also be due to natural obstacles to cultivation, such as deserts, mountains or malaria-infested jungles; to land uses other than cultivation, as pasture and forested land; to primitive methods that limit cultivation; to social obstacles; and to land ownership systems which keep land out of production.
More economically advanced countries of low population density have, as a rule, large proportions of their populations living in urban areas. Their rural population densities are usually very low. Poorer developed countries of correspondingly low general population density, on the other hand, often have a concentration of rural population living on arable land, which is as great as the rural concentration found in the most densely populated industrial countries. 1. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. World Population B. Population Densities C. Population Migration D. Economics and Population
2. In the cultivated areas of Egypt, we may expect to find _____. A. few inhabitants
B. densely populated settlements C. 1,300 persons living in one settlement D. 55 persons inhabiting one square mile
3. The most densely populated community in Europe is _____.
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www.100xuexi.com A. Iceland B. Belgium C. the Netherlands D. Great Britain
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 4. This passage indicates that Puerto Rico is _____. A. agriculture-oriented B. malaria-infested C. highly industrialized D. poverty-stricken
5. This passage has probably been taken from a/an _____. A. tourist guide B. business journal C. world geography book D. economic report
【文章导读】
文章从不同角度讲了世界人口密度情况，介绍了高人口密度地区和低人口密度地区的特征，以及经济发达国家人口密度分布情况。
【答案及解析】
1.B 主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了世界平均人口密度、洲人口密度、西半球人口密度、欧洲人口密度的总体情况，以及以埃及为例说明国家内人口密度分布不均。第二段和第三段分别介绍高人口密度地区和低人口密度地区的特征。最后一段介绍经济发达国家中，更
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www.100xuexi.com 符合文意，故选B项。
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 发达国家和稍欠发达国家的人口密度分布情况。由此可见，整篇文章讲的是人口密度。B项
2.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中“in Egypt, the average is 55 persons per square mile, but 1,300 persons inhabit each square mile in settled portions where the land is arable”可知，埃及人口平均密度为每平方英里55人，但是在适宜农耕的定居区，每平方英里居住1300人。B项表述为“人口密集的定居区”，符合文意，故选B项。C项表述为“1300人居住在一个定居区”，与原文表述“在适宜农耕的定居区，每平方英里居住1300人”不符，故排除C项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中间部分“In Europe the range is from 4 per square mile in Iceland to 831 per square mile in the Netherlands”可知，欧洲人口密度从冰岛的每平方英里4人到荷兰的每平方英里831人不等。因此，欧洲人口密度最小的地区是冰岛，人口密度最大的地区是荷兰。C项符合文意，故选C项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句中“where lands are intensively used for agriculture, as in Puerto Rico and Java”可知，波多黎各（Puerto Rico）和爪哇（Java）土地被集中用于农业。A项表述为“以农业为导向的/以农为本的”，符合文意，故选A项。
5.C 文章出处题。这篇文章介绍了世界不同地区的人口密度情况，应该来源于一本世界地理书。C项符合题意，故选C项。tourist guide旅游指南。business journal商务杂志。economic report经济报道。
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
Engaging in a hobby like reading a book, making a patchwork quilt or even
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www.100xuexi.com 圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 playing computer games can delay the onset of dementia, a US study suggests. Watching TV, however, does not count and indeed, spending significant periods of time in front of the box may speed up memory loss, researchers found. Nearly 200 people aged 70 to 89 with mild memory problems were compared with a group who had no impairment. The researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota asked the volunteers about their daily activities within the past year and how mentally active they had been between the age of 50 to 65. Those who had, during middle age, been busy reading, playing games or engaging in craft hobbies like patch working or knitting were found to have a 40% reduced risk of memory impairment. In later life, those same activities reduced the risk by a rate between 30% and 50%. Those who watched TV for less than 7 hours a day were also 50% less likely to develop memory loss than those who spend longer staring at the screen.
“This study is exciting because it demonstrates that ageing does not need to be a passive process,” said neuroscientist Dr. YonasGeda. “By simply engaging in cognitive exercise, you can protect against future memory loss. Of course, the challenge with this type of research is that we are relying on past memories of the subjects (实验对象), therefore we need to confirm these findings with additional research.” Sarah Day, head of public health at the Alzheimer’s Society, said, “One million people will develop dementia in the next 10 years so there is a desperate need to find ways to prevent dementia. Exercising and challenging your brain—by learning new skills, doing puzzles such as crosswords, and even learning a new language—can be fun. However, more research, where people are followed up over
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2015年4月全国自考《英语阅读(一)》真题及详解【圣才出品】
