Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
1．inform v．通知，告知→information n．信息 2．reject v．拒绝，否决→rejection n．拒绝，否决
3．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance n．毅力；坚持
4．criticize v．批评，挑剔→critical adj.批评的→criticism n．批评；指责 5．delight v．使高兴 n．高兴→delighted adj.高兴的；愉快的
guarantee n．保证；保证书；担保；担保人；抵押品
vt.保证；担保
①A diploma is no guarantee of efficiency.n.保证 ②He put up his house as a guarantee.n.抵押品
③We guarantee that you will find a community with which to socialise.v.保证
Words And Phrases
知识要点1 debt n．债务，欠款
(教材P13) When the funds are low and the debts are high，... 当资金少而债务高的时候，……
[例1] I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country. 我得在离开该国前偿清所有债务。
[例2] He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe him. 他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。 [知识拓展] (1)in debt中in表示“处于……状态中”，debt前不加任何冠词。 (2)go/get/run into debt be in heavy debt be out of debt pay off all the debts 负债 负债累累 不欠债(状态) 还清债务(动作) be in sb.'s debt＝be in debt to sb. [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①I'm in heavy debt at the moment，but I hope to be out of debt when I get paid.
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欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人
②It's easier to get into debt than get out of it. ③You saved my life；I am in debt to you forever. [小片段助记]
Mike had been in debt for many years，but he worked hard day and night and managed to stay out of debt.However，his father fell seriously ill suddenly and Mike got/ran into debt to save his father.When Mike felt helpless as he didn't know how to pay off the debts，Mr.White offered him a good job to help him，so Mike often said to Mr.White，“I will always remember your kindness and I'm forever in your debt.”
知识要点2 pace n．速度；步速；节奏
(教材P13) Don't give up though the pace seems slow... 尽管速度似乎很慢，但不要放弃……
[例1] It is difficult to keep up with the rapid pace of change. 跟上迅速的变化是很困难的。
[例2] I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country. 我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。 [知识拓展] at one's own pace keep pace with set the pace the pace of life pace up and down [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①She works so fast that I can't keep pace with her. ②Each child learns at his or her own pace. 知识要点3 inform v．通知；告知 (教材P14) We regret to inform you... 我们很遗憾地通知你……
[例] If you threaten me or use any force，I shall inform the police. 你要是威胁我或是动武，我就报警。 [知识拓展] (1)inform sb.of sth. inform sb.that... (2)informed adj. keep sb.informed of sth.
以某人自己的速度 跟上，(与……)并驾齐驱；(与……)步调一致 定步速；起带头作用 生活节奏 来回踱步 通知某人某事 告知某人…… 了解情况的；消息灵通的；有学问的 使某人知道某事；随时报告某人某事 - 1 -
(3)information n. [即学即练] 单句语法填空 信息(不可数) ①Have you informed the boss of/about your wish to leave?
②The headmaster informed us that the school would be closed for one day. ③Please keep me informed(inform) of/about the latest process of the plan. 知识要点4 give up放弃；停止；交给；让给；对某人的到来(康复、能否找到等)不再抱希望
(教材P14) You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life's work，...
你可能花了很多年放弃周末和空闲时间来写你一生的著作，……
[例1] He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded. 他试图逃跑，但发现已被包围时只好放弃了这个念头。
[例2] One of the men with him gave up his place on the bench. 他的一个同伴将长椅上的位子让了出来。 [知识拓展] give in(to sb.) give out give back give away give off [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Don't give away to the public when we will start. ②Please give back my bike to me tomorrow. ③The heater can give off much warmth. [名师点津]
give up表示“放弃”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，若宾语为代词，则代词必须放在give up中间。
知识要点5 have sth.in common (with sb.or sth.)与……有(想法、兴趣、特征等)相同之处
(教材P14) When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers，...
当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点，…… [例1] We are attracted by each other，because we have something in common. 我们互相吸引对方，是因为我们有共同之处。
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(向某人)屈服，让步 用尽；分发；发出(不用于被动语态) 归还 泄露；赠送 放出(光、热、气味等)；散发
[例2] His thought had something in common with that of Emerson and other transcendentalists.
他和爱默生以及其他的超验论者在思想上也有相通之处。 [知识拓展] have nothing in common have little in common have a lot in common in common with [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①Although we have met by chance，we do have a lot in common.
②In common with many countries，Britain has serious environmental problems. 知识要点6 turn down 调小；拒绝
(教材P14) I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down，...
在每个出版商拒绝我之前我不会放弃，……
[例1] She could not bear the relentless music and turned down the volume. 她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。
[例2] Supposing I turn down your offer，would you feel disappointed? 假如我拒绝你的提议，你会感到失望吗？ [知识拓展] turn up turn around/round turn out turn to turn over turn on/off turn in turn into [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.
②It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. 知识要点7 guarantee v．保证；担保；保修 n．保证；保证书
(教材P15) So，it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success.
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无共同之处 几乎无共同之处 有许多共同之处 和……一样；和……有共同之处 出现；到场；开大；调高音量 转身 证明是；结果是 转向；求助于，查阅 翻转；移交 打开/关闭(开关) 上交 变成
所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。
[例1] I guarantee that if you take this medicine，you'll soon get well. 我管保你吃了这药就好。
[例2] A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee of quality. 公司悠久的品牌并不能确保商品的质量。 [知识拓展] (1)guarantee sb.sth.(＝ensure sb.sth.) guarantee to do sth. guarantee that... 保证某人得到某物 保证做某事 确保…… guarantee sth.for some time 对……保修多久 (2)give sb.a guarantee that... under guarantee [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①I guarantee to be(be) here tomorrow.Trust me! ②I guarantee that you'll enjoy yourself.
③This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire. 知识要点8 delighted adj.高兴的；愉快的 (教材P15) We are delighted to inform you... 我们很高兴地通知你……
[例1] I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my heart's content. 我很高兴能够痛痛快快地吃我最喜爱的菜。
[例2] The bear was delighted and began to dance happily. 那只熊听了很高兴，就开始快乐地跳舞。 [知识拓展] 向某人保证…… 在保修期内 [即学即练] 单句语法填空 ①He was very much delighted with the results.
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2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit2Onwardsandupwards教学知识细解
