5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I decided I wanted to do something about it,” she recalls. So she studied environmental science and public policy at Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass.可知Caroline Solomon是被污染的溪流所触动，于是决定研究环保问题。身为学校游泳队的队员，但家附近的溪流因污染严重而不能游泳，那是她青少年事情的一次经历，故选C.
6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Solomon wants to see more students who are deaf or have other disabilities make a difference in environmental science and other fields. As she often says, “If I can do it, you can do it.”可知Solomon说“我能做到，那你也能”，说明她认为残疾人只要想去保护环境，就一定能贡献一份力量。故选B.
7. 推理判断题。根据文章大意可知这是讲述一个残疾的女孩因青少年的一次经历，下定决心保护环境的事情。所以这篇有可能来源于与“环境”有关的内容。故选A.
C
Dealing with obesity is difficult. A lot of factors such as ethnicity, genetics, lifestyle, and personal habits should be considered in the management of obesity. Obesity, if not properly managed, can lead to a lot of health problems that may later evolve into life-threatening diseases.
The management of obesity mostly focuses on lifestyle changes. Reaching your healthy weight involves proper management of your diet and exercise. The obese person may seek the help of a dietitian or a personal trainer.
There are a lot of diets that have gained popularity. However, it is best that you consult your dietitian on what is best for you. Furthermore, your dietitian would consider your food preferences. If you are a little low in the budget, take into consideration the current dietary recommendations that were based on the food pyramid. This is researchable on the Internet. You can use this as a guide on how much you are supposed to eat.
Exercise has a lot of benefits. It burns those extra calories and prevents different health problems from occurring. Thus, exercise is vital if you wish to lose weight. People are often too lazy to engage in exercise. However, there are numerous alternatives to the-usual exercise routine. If you want things to be plain, walking or biking is a good exercise. It is important that you stick to your exercise plan so that you would achieve your desired results. However, you must set realistic goals so as not to be disappointed.
Behavioral changes are vital to conquering obesity. Those who engage in crash diets are mostly unsuccessful in weight management because they do not have any behavioral change.
Sedentary lifestyle contributes to weight gain. Perhaps adding physical activity to your schedule would help in weight management. Physical activity could be as simple as dancing around the house or just plain strolling along the mall.
8. Why is obesity a severe problem?
页
6第
A. It may threaten your life. B. It can influence your work.
C. It may make you look unattractive. D. It can prevent you from playing sports. 9. What should you do if you don't have much money? A. Turn to an expert. B. Refer to eating advice.
C. Mainly eat energy-giving food. D. Seldom have nutritious food. 10. Why should you set practical aims?
A. You will never feel disappointed. B. They will make you go on. C. You will carry out simple things. D. They will make you feel relaxed. 11. What does the underlined word “Sedentary” in the last paragraph mean? A. Unhealthy. B. Overeating. C. Unchangeable. D. Inactive.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】肥胖会导致很多健康问题甚至会威胁生命安全，所以它是一个值得认真对待的问题。本文主要建议人们从几个方面进行肥胖问题的自我管理，包括饮食，锻炼，行为习惯的改变和生活方式的选择等。 8. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Obesity, if not properly managed, can lead to a lot of health problems that may later evolve into life-threatening diseases可知肥胖会导致健康问题，甚至会发展成为威胁健康的疾病。故选A.
9. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的If you are a little low in the budget, take into consideration the current dietary recommendations that were based on the food pyramid. This is researchable on the Internet.可知如果读者预算紧张（资金不够），可以考虑基于食物金字塔的饮食推荐，那些都可以在网上搜到。故选B.
10. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的However, you must set realistic goals so as not to be disappointed可知在锻炼时，要设置合理的目标，那样就不至于失望。也就是说会有继续坚持的动力。B选项They will make you go on（他们将会使你继续坚持）符合语境，故选B.
11. 词义猜测题。根据Sedentary lifestyle contributes to weight gain.可知这种生活方式会让人长胖。再结合后文中的Perhaps adding physical activity to your schedule would help in weight management可知增加身体运动会有助于管理体重。说明前面那种生活方式就是“缺少身体锻炼的，不活跃的”。D选项Inactive表示“不活跃的，不积极的”。故选D. 【名师点睛】
页 7第
D
“You can choose your friends, but you can’t choose your family.” That line comes from American writer Harper Lee’s book To Kill a Mockingbird. Now compare her words to another famous expression: “Blood is thicker than water”.
However, if forced to choose which is more important, American researchers now say friendship is more important than family. Their new study suggests that friends may be more important than family members, especially as we age.
The study comes from researchers at Michigan State University. They found the importance of friendship on health and happiness grows as people get older.
William Chopik is an assistant professor of psychology at Michigan State and was one of the lead researchers in this study. He says, “Friendship becomes even more important as we age. Keeping a few really good friends around can make a world of difference for our health and well-being.” Chopik notes that we need to think of friendship as an investment in our future happiness.
The Michigan State researchers considered information from two separate surveys. In the first group, both family and friendships influenced overall health and happiness. However, in the second, researchers said that friendships “became a stronger predictor of health and happiness” as people get older. Also in the second group, unhealthy friendships led to increased chronic conditions. But with supportive friends, Chopik noted, participants reported being happier.
One reason is that people can keep the friendships that make them feel good and move on from the ones that don’t. Family, on the other hand, will always be with you. They can be helpful and enjoyable, but can also cause
页
8第
troubles.
This may be good news for people who don’t have strong ties with family members. Not all of us are born into the families we need. But we all have the ability to choose friends that we need. 12. What should we invest to get later well-being according to the researchers? A. Good friend ties. B. Easy health exercises.
C. Common family relations. D. Personal relation knowledge. 13. How is the research carried out?
A. By doing two experiments. B. By interviewing all at once. C. By conducting two surveys. D. By taking part in activities. 14. What can the people with weak family ties do?
A. Develop stronger family relations. B. Make as many friends as possible, C. Get more supportive friends. D. Stay with family members. 15. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Friends and family members are equally important. B. When we grow older, friendship maters more. C. As we age, family members are more valuable. D. We always need friends and family members. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. C
【解析】本文主要讲了良好的朋友关系对于人们健康和幸福感的影响。根据实验显示，随着人们年龄的增长，良好的友谊比家庭亲戚更有益于身体健康和幸福感的建立。
12. 细节题。根据第四段中的Keeping a few really good friends around can make a world of difference for our health and well-being.可知保持良好的朋友关系可以促进个人健康。故选A.
13. 细节题。根据第五段中的The Michigan State researchers considered information from two separate surveys.可知研究人员是以做两个独立的调查的形式进行这个实验的。故选C.
14. 细节理解题。根据This may be good news for people who don’t have strong ties with family members.的内容，再结合第五段中的But with supportive friends, Chopik noted, participants reported being happier.可知对于和家人联系不多的人们来说有一个好消息，那就是保持良好的朋友关系有助于建立幸福感。故选C. 15. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的Their new study suggests that friends may be more important than family members, especially as we age可知本文主要讲长期保持良好的友谊关系对人们的健康和幸福感有很好的促进作用，从这一层面讲，随着人们年龄的增长，友情比亲情更重要。故选B. 【名师点睛】
页
9第
What can 说明文中细节理解题的做法要注意在文章中找到真正的答题信息句。以本篇阅读的第三小题为例，the people with weak family ties do？这是一个细节理解题。首先根据题干中的关键词the people with weak family ties可以定位到文章最后一段中的This may be good news for people who don’t have strong ties with family members.学生们找到信息句后发现这个句子其实没什么用。对于和家庭成员联系不多的人来说，这可能是个好消息。那good news指的究竟是什么呢？学生们还要继续联系上下文理解good news 的具体含义。有些同学会因为后文的But we all have the ability to choose friends that we need. 认为the people with weak family ties要选择自己需要的朋友，进而选择B选项Make as many friends as possible（交尽可能多的朋友）。但学生们会发现C选项似乎也符合。那么这时候不妨再深入思考一下：是不是只要交朋友，就可以保持幸福感呢？显然不是的。因为第五段中的But with supportive friends, Chopik noted, participants reported being happier.说明，只有良好的友谊关系才有助于健康和幸福感。所以C选项Get more supportive friends才是正确的答案。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
TV time can cause a loss to your child's nutrition. Why? Many kids spend a great amount of time in front of the television. ____16____ Some of the foods shown in commercials don’t do them any good when it comes to feeding their growing brains and bodies. Many are high in fat, sugar, sodium and/or calories and they often lack vitamins, minerals and fiber.
How can you control TV attractions? Registered dietitian Karen Ansel, MS, RD, offers these tips: Watch commercials with your kids.
Ask them what they think of the foods being shown and what might be some tasty (more healthful) ones. When kids are making choices, “health” and “nutrition” are not big motivators. ____17____ Some foods will help them run faster, jump higher, be stronger, etc.
Help your kids learn more about their foods.
___18___ Help them “see what's inside” an advertised food they want to try. It’s a great way to discuss the nutritional value of a food.
___19___
And have them jump in to help out. Kids are naturally curious. Take advantage of their desire for discovery to tell them the amazing flavors, shapes and colors of healthful foods.
Pat a few limits to TV time.
TV can become the toleration activity for kids—something easy to do for long periods of time. ____20____ Instead of simply telling kids to turn off the TV, have a few fun choices to take its place, ideally ones that get kids up
页
10第
2018届百校联盟高三Top20一月联考(全国一卷)英语试题(解析版)
