一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解
Huawei Technologies Co. displayed its much-anticipated in-house operating system Harmony OS on Friday, marking what some call the Chinese tech giant's biggest push yet to build its own software ecosystem for the era of the internet of things.
The move is also expected to weaken the influence of the United States government's restrictions on Huawei using Google's Android operating system in smartphones, analysts said. Yu Chengdong, CEO of Huawei's consumer business group, speaking in Dongguan, Guangdong province, said it is difficult to deliver a smooth experience across different devices with the huge amount of codes involved in the Android and Linux operating systems. Linux is an open-source operating system widely used in personal computers and other hardware.
\adding that it will be able to support a wide range of application situations, including smart TVs, automobiles and wearables.
The internet of things refers to a network of devices and other objects that can connect with each other and exchange data.
Yu said the US government's restrictions have accelerated the company's marketing of the system, which now has about 4,000 employees working on it.
The senior executive said Harmony can be used in its smartphones. But Android is still Huawei's preferred choice for handsets if the company is allowed to use it.
\when Android is not available, Harmony can be applied immediately to smartphones. Harmony is ready,\
Jia Mo, an analyst at market research company Canalys, said even if Huawei does not use Harmony in its smartphones in the short term, its smartwatches and smart TVs can be equipped with Harmony to widen its use and accumulate more experience in building an ecosystem. \and allow it to be compatible with Android. Thus Harmony will be more accepted by current Android users. This will prevent Huawei from repeating the fate of Microsoft in promoting smartphone systems,\smartphones years ago.
（1）What is the significance of the Harmony OS? A. It symbolizes Huawei has finished its own software ecosystem. B. It may reduce the threat from US government's restrictions. C. It will accumulate more experience in building an ecosystem. D. It successfully borrows from Microsoft's Windows system.
（2）Which of the following may take the place of the underlined word \paragraph?
A. Used harmoniously. B. Operated quickly. C. Resisted fiercely. D. Monitored closely. （3）Where may we find this article?
A. Fashion magazines. B. TV interviews. C. Historic documents. D. News websites.
【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了华为的鸿蒙系统的发布。此系统的发布还有望削弱美国政府对华为在智能手机中使用谷歌Android操作系统的限制。更重要的是，华为选择将鸿蒙系统构建为开源操作的系统，并允许它与Android系统兼容。这样就可以阻止华为重蹈微软在智能手机系统推广上的覆辙。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The move is also expected to weaken the influence of the United States government's restrictions on Huawei using Google's Android operating system in smartphones, analysts said. ”可知，华为希望鸿蒙操作系统能够削弱来自美国政府禁止华为在智能手机里使用谷歌安卓系统的影响。故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Also, more importantly, Huawei chose to build Harmony into an open-source operating system and allow it to be compatible with Android. Thus Harmony will be easily accepted by current Android users.”鸿蒙是一个“open-source operating system”开源操作系统，华为选择将鸿蒙安装在一个对各种资源开放的操作系统中，就是让它能够与安卓系统兼容。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。这篇文章讲述的不是时尚、学术或科学问题，它的文体属于新闻，所以可以在新闻网站上找到。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
A few years back I worked in a university building that also housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs(豚鼠) for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I'd cast a careful glance and ask \
So one day, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to \week!\of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.
I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer, the director of our school's Psychological Services Clinic. \－even a simple one unless you're prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and I sat down. That's when I first heard the term \one small and simple element of the practice. \friend Heidi explained. \ Every day for a week, I found five distinct things for which I was thankful. They had to be different every day. I couldn't get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husband. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific
aspects of a certain person each day. He's a great cook. He always puts our family first. Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, I'm rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can't change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference. And all it took was a little gratitude.
（1）What's the author's attitude toward the student with desserts?
A. Cautious. B. Respectful. C. Indifferent. D. Supportive. （2）Why was the author doubtful about the instructions? A. Because she thought it wasn't worth the effort. B. Because she didn't like expressing thanks often. C. Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first. D. Because she could do five things every day easily.
（3）What does Collie Conoley suggest the author should do?
A. Be grateful to her wonderful husband. B. Be thankful for things but not people. C. Be a great cook and put her family first. D. Be specific about what she's thankful for. （4）What's the best title for the text?
A. Don't Be Bothered by Small Things B. We Can Change Everything If We Want C. Practicing Gratitude Changed My Life D. Being Grateful to One Good Person 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在一个星期的时间里，作者坚持每天都能发现五件她特别感激的事情，而且每天都有所不同。生活永远不会完美。但通过这么一个简单的练习，作者重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别。这只需要一点感激之情。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I'd cast a careful glance and ask ‘Why?’ before grabbing the apple pie.”如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室，让我挑选一种，在抓苹果派之前，我会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”可知，作者在抓苹果派之前，会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”。可知，作者对带甜点的学生持有谨慎的态度。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.”我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。我算了算。连续7天每天做5件事，甚至连吃苹果派的承诺都没有，那就太费脑力了。可推知，作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求充满怀疑，认为太费脑力、不值得去做。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He's a great
高考英语备考之阅读理解压轴突破训练∶培优篇附详细答案(1)
