新概念英语第一册教学大纲
一、 知识要点
上半部分（第1～72课）
1. 音标： 2. 字母： 3. 词汇：
掌握550个基本词汇（包括称谓、日常用品、食物、颜色、疾病、国家、国籍、天气、季节、月份、星期等）。 4. 简单句的六种基本句型：
① 主语 (Subject) ＋ 谓语 (vi) 如：Peter works very hard.
② 主语 (Subject) ＋ 系动词 (Link. V) ＋ 表语 (Predicate) 如：The questions are too difficult.
③ 主语 (Subject) ＋ 谓语 (vt) ＋ 宾语 (Object)
如：We usually read newspaper in the living room.
④ 主语 (Subject) ＋ 谓语 (vt) ＋ 间接宾语 (OI) ＋ 直接宾语 (OD) 或：
主语 (Subject) ＋ 谓语 (vt) ＋ 直接宾语 (OD) ＋ to/for ＋ 间接宾语 (OI) 如：I sent him a present. I sent a present to him.
⑤ 主语 (Subject) ＋ 谓语 (vt) ＋ 宾语 (Object) ＋ 补语 (Complement) 如：You should keep the room clean and tidy. ⑥ There be + 主语 (Subject) + 其它
如：There is a vase on the table near the window. 5. 时态：
① 一般现在时：
⑴ 概念：表示经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 ⑵ 常与often, sometimes, always, usually等频率副词连用，还与 every morning / day / week, on Wednesday, in the morning / afternoon / evening等时间状语连用。
⑶ 基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词要加s或es） ⑷ 否定形式：am / is / are + not; 若谓语动词为行为动词，则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
⑸ 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时还原行为动词。
⑹ 例句：It seldom snows here. She goes to school five days a week.
He doesn’t like black coffee. Do you play basketball?
② 现在进行时：
⑴ 概念：表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在发生或进行的动作或状态。
⑵ 常与now, these days, these weeks等时间状语连用。句首有 Look ! / Listen !等提示语时，后面的句子中动词一般用现在进行时。
⑶ 基本结构：be动词(am / is / are) + 动词的现在分词(V-ing) ⑷ 否定形式：am / is/ are + not + V-ing ⑸ 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首
⑹ 例句：Look! The bus is coming. They are playing in the garden right now.
He is not studying in his room. Is the cat drinking its milk?
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③ 一般将来时：
⑴ 概念：表示将来某一时刻或将来某一段时间经常的动作或状态。
⑵ 常与tomorrow, next week, from now on, in the future等时间状语连用。 ⑶ 基本结构：be going to + 动词原形
⑷ 否定形式：be + not + going to +动词原形 ⑸ 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首
⑹ 例句：I am going to visit my aunt in Australia next year.
They are not going to come to my party. Is she going to telephone him tomorrow?
④ 一般过去时：
⑴ 概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
⑵ 常与yesterday, last week, an hour ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。
⑶ 基本结构：动词的过去式（动词be有was和were两个过去式, was用于第一、三人称单数, were用于其他情况。） ⑷ 否定形式：was / were + not;
若谓语动词为行为动词，则在其前加didn’t，同时还原行为动词。
⑸ 一般疑问句：把was / were放于句首；把did放于句首，同时还原行为动词。 ⑹ 例句：I was at church last Sunday. He telephoned me three times yesterday.
They were not at home then. She didn’t get up early this morning.
Were you here at 9 a.m.? Did they understand my questions? 6. 人称代词的主格、宾格、形容词性及名词性物主代词： 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 人称代词主格 I you he she it we you they 人称代词宾格 me you him her it us you them 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 7. 名词的复数形式： ① 一般情况下，直接加 –s，如cat cats;
② 以 s, x, z, sh, ch 结尾的，加 –es，如bus buses, brush brushes; ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i 加 –es，如city cities, 以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加 –s，如boy boys; ④ 以辅音字母加o结尾的，加 –es，如tomato tomatoes, 以元音字母加o结尾的，加 –s, 如radio radios;
⑤ 以f或fe结尾的，去f或fe加 –ves，如thief thieves;
⑥ 不规则变化的，如child children, man men, foot feet; ⑦ 单复数同形的，如fish fish, sheep sheep。 8. 表示复数的–s或–es的发音规则：
① 如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音(/s/, /除外， 发的音，如； ② 如果名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音(/z/, /除外， 发的音，如； ③ 如果名词词尾的发音是/s/, /z/, //或， 发的音，如 现在分词的构成：
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① 一般情况下，直接加 –ing，如 read reading， go going；
② 以不发音的e结尾的，去e加 –ing，如 come coming，have having； ③ 以闭音节结尾，最后只有一个辅音的，双写这个辅音字母再加 –ing， 如 sit sitting，swim swimming。 9. 冠词a, an, the的用法： ① 不定冠词泛指某人或某物。
不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音开头的词前，如：a boy，a picture； an用于元音开头的词前，如：an hour, an elephant。
② 定冠词the特指某人或某物，指上文已经提到的或谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 如：She is the new student. Open the window, please. 11. 介词at, on, in的用法： ① 表示时间：
at接具体的时刻，如：at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock； on接具体的时日，如某日或星期几等, 如：on May 4th, on Tuesday；
in接某个较长的时间，如：in 2004, in March, in spring , 或者在一段时间之
后，
如：He will arrive in two hours. ② 表示地点：
at用于指较小的地方，如：at the station, at the store； in用于指较大的地方。如：in Paris, in Japan；
on一般指与面或线接触，意为“在……上；在……旁”，如：on the wall, on the
river.
12. 情态动词can, may, must的用法：
① can表达能力或有礼貌地提出请求。
如：He can use the computer well. Can you tell me the way to the hospital?
② may表示可能性或请求许可。
如：He may come tomorrow. May I watch TV this evening? ③ must表达义务、责任，其否定式mustn’t表示禁止、不许可。
如：We must finish our homework on time. You mustn’t lend the book to others.
13. 报时： ① 整点报时：直接读出表示小时的数字，并在数字之后加上表示“点钟”的o’clock，也可以不用。如：7﹕00 It’s seven (o’clock).
② 几点过几分报时：以半小时为界，所过的分钟数在半小时以时，用past表示所过的分钟数，表示分钟的数字在past之前，表示小时的数字在past之后。15分钟用a quarter，半小时用half。如：6﹕05 It’s five (minutes) past six. ③ 差几分到几点报时：所过的分钟数超过半小时后，用to表示到下一个小时所差的分钟数。如：9﹕45 It’s a quarter to ten.
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下半部分（第73～144课）
1. 词汇：
掌握330个基础词汇（包括时间、城市、职业、日常物品、形容词的比较级和最高级、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词变形等等）。 2. 时态：
① 现在完成时： ⑴ 概念：表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。 ⑵ 常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
⑶ 基本结构：助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词 (助动词have用于第一人称、
第二人称及复数，has用于第三人称单数)
⑷ 否定形式：have / has + not + 动词的过去分词 ⑸ 一般疑问句：把have / has 放于句首
⑹ 例句：We have won this competition for 3 times. She has been to
Australia. They have not seen each other before. Have you seen the new movie yet? ② 一般将来时：
⑴ 概念：表示将来某一时刻或将来某一段时间经常的动作或状态。
⑵ 常与tomorrow, next week, from now on, in the future等时间状语连用。 ⑶ 基本结构：助动词shall / will + 动词原形 (助动词shall用于第一人称，will
用于第二及第三人称)
⑷ 否定形式：shall / will + not + 动词原形 ⑸ 一般疑问句：把shall / will放于句首 ⑹ 例句：We shall visit the museum tomorrow. She will go home by herself.
They will not stay here for too long. Will you come home early today? ③ 过去进行时：
⑴ 概念：表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段正在进行的动作。
⑵ 常与at 8 o’clock yesterday morning, at this time last week, when I
telephoned you yesterday, while we were having the meeting等时间状语连用。
⑶ 基本结构：be动词的过去式(was / were)＋动词的现在分词(V-ing) ⑷ 否定形式：was / were + not + V-ing ⑸ 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首
⑹ 例句：She was holding a party at her place last Saturday.
He was not telling the truth. Were you working at this time yesterday? ④ 过去完成时：
⑴ 概念：表示表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 ⑵ 常被after，before，when，until 等副词修饰。
⑶ 基本结构：助动词 had + 动词的过去分词 (had通常用于任何人称) ⑷ 否定形式：had + not + 动词的过去分词 ⑸ 一般疑问句：把had 放于句首
⑹ 例句：I went to bed after I had finished my homework last night.
They had not met each other until yesterday. Had she left when we arrived?
3. 规则动词过去式和过去分词：
① 规则动词过去式和过去分词＋ed的变化：
⑴ 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed,
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clean—cleaned
⑵ 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used,
move—moved
⑶ 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字
母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped
⑷ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied,
carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married ② 规则动词的过去式和过去分词-ed的发音规则：
⑴ 在清辅音后读作[t]。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped
⑵ 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called ⑶ 在t / d后读作[id]。如：wanted, needed 3. 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 am / is was been buy bought bought are were been find found found do did done get got got say said said have had had go went gone hear heard heard understand understood understood leave left left drink drank drunk lose lost lost wear wore worn make made made bring brought brought meet met met sell sold sold send sent sent cost cost cost sweep swept swept fly flew flown tell told told catch caught caught cut cut cut fall fell fallen put put put hurt hurt hurt read read read write wrote written shut shut shut spell spelt spelt come came come forget forgot forgotten give gave given grow grew grown swim swam swum mean meant meant take took taken overtake overtook overtaken eat ate eaten win won won rise rose risen throw threw thrown see saw seen dream dreamt dreamt speak spoke spoken 4. 形容词的比较级和最高级： ① 英语多数形容词是可以分级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。
⑴ 原级：形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。用原级进行比较时可以使用下面两
种结构：
ⅰ 表示比较的双方相等，用”as…as”结构，表示“前者像后者一样”，如： John is as tall as his brother. ⅱ 表示比较的双方不相等，用”not as…as”结构，表示“前者不如后者”，如： John is not as tall as his brother.
⑵ 比较级：当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，就需要用到形容词比较级。
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新概念英语一册教学大纲
