Chapter Two Comparison Between English & Chinese
Lexical Differences: 1 Word Meaning
1) absolutely equivalent meaning
Usu. Proper names; technical terms; names of objects 2) partly equivalent meaning 3) no equivalent meaning
Usu. Newly-appeared words; or those only existing in one culture 4) poly-meaning words
A) Usually children have no school on Saturdays. B) This professor doesn’t belong to any school. C) Both of his sons graduated from the law school.
D) At the beginning of every term we have a school meeting. E) She attended a dancing school when she was five.
2 Collocation
To cut wheat 割麦子 To cut cake 切蛋糕
To cut finger-nails 剪（或修）指甲 To cut branches from a tree 砍掉树上的枝丫 To cut a stone into an image of Buddha 把石头雕刻成佛像 To cut a hole in a wall 在墙上挖一个洞 吃药 to take medicine 吃后悔药 to regret 吃香 to be very popular
吃惊 to be surprised 吃苦 to bear hardships 吃透 to have a thorough grasp
吃斋 to be a vegetarian for religious reasons 吃馆子 to dine out
吃鸭（零）蛋 to get a zero in an exam or to score nothing in a game 吃一堑，长一智 a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit
3 Word order
Usu. the use of attributive and adverbial is different.
Classroom practice:
1. soft pillow ___________ soft music ___________
soft cushion ___________ soft wood ___________ soft money ___________ soft drink ___________ soft breeze ___________ soft light ___________ soft voice ___________ soft fire ___________ soft hat ___________ soft words ___________ soft answer ___________ soft goods ___________ soft heart ___________ soft water ___________ 2 . regular reading ___________ regular flights ___________
regular job ___________ regular visitor ___________ regular speed ___________ regular gasoline ___________ regular verb ___________ regular army ___________ 3 . run into debt ___________ run for presidency ___________
run wild ___________ run a factory ___________ run the streets ___________ run a fever ___________ run to the extremes ___________ run to seed ___________
Chapter Three Lexical Translation Section One Choice of word meaning
One with the help of word class
1. The net income of the peasants in the county averages 8458 Yuan this year.
2. Though an average student with average intelligence, his achievements surprised all of the students and teachers.
3. Tom’s school work is above the average. 4. 十年树木，百年树人。 5. 树大招风。
6. 年轻人应该树立远大的理想。
classroom practice:
1. And not only has won, but because it has won, has been in the right. 2. For that is what going to war means, it means saying that might is right. 3. She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of bribery. 4. All came right in the end.
5. Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. 6. Like knows like.
7. His wife likes her pet dog more than him. 8. Like father, like son. 9. He acts like he is the manager. 10. It will clear up very like.
Two with the help of context
1. It’s time to go aboard.
2. The local government is planning to develop that area. 3. At present, all the country are developing tourism. 4. Many girls developed the habit of eating between meals.
翻译课件
